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With the rapid advancements of large-scale text-to-image diffusion models, various practical applications have emerged, bringing significant convenience to society. However, model developers may misuse the unauthorized data to train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Qiao Li , Xiaomeng Fu , Xi Wang , Jin Liu , Xingyu Gao , Jiao Dai , Jizhong Han

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) infer whether a data point is in the training data of a machine learning model. It is a threat while being in the training data is private information of a data point. MIA correctly infers some data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Mauro Conti , Jiaxin Li , Stjepan Picek

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) pose a significant privacy risk by enabling adversaries to determine if a specific data point was part of a model's training set. This work empirically investigates whether MU algorithms can function as a…

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) on diffusion models have emerged as potential evidence of unauthorized data usage in training pre-trained diffusion models. These attacks aim to detect the presence of specific images in training datasets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Chumeng Liang , Jiaxuan You

Membership inference attacks are used as a key tool for disclosure auditing. They aim to infer whether an individual record was used to train a model. While such evaluations are useful to demonstrate risk, they are computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Anshuman Suri , Xiao Zhang , David Evans

Machine learning poses severe privacy concerns as it has been shown that the learned models can reveal sensitive information about their training data. Many works have investigated the effect of widely adopted data augmentation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Xiao Li , Qiongxiu Li , Zhanhao Hu , Xiaolin Hu

Machine learning algorithms, when applied to sensitive data, pose a potential threat to privacy. A growing body of prior work has demonstrated that membership inference attack (MIA) can disclose specific private information in the training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Bo Zhang , Ruotong Yu , Haipei Sun , Yanying Li , Jun Xu , Hui Wang

We quantitatively investigate how machine learning models leak information about the individual data records on which they were trained. We focus on the basic membership inference attack: given a data record and black-box access to a model,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Reza Shokri , Marco Stronati , Congzheng Song , Vitaly Shmatikov

In several jurisdictions, the regulatory framework on the release and sharing of personal data is being extended to machine learning (ML). The implicit assumption is that disclosing a trained ML model entails a privacy risk for any personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) aim to identify specific data samples within the private training dataset of machine learning models, leading to serious privacy violations and other sophisticated threats. Many practical black-box MIAs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Jihye Choi , Shruti Tople , Varun Chandrasekaran , Somesh Jha

Image AutoRegressive generation has emerged as a new powerful paradigm with image autoregressive models (IARs) matching state-of-the-art diffusion models (DMs) in image quality (FID: 1.48 vs. 1.58) while allowing for a higher generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Antoni Kowalczuk , Jan Dubiński , Franziska Boenisch , Adam Dziedzic

Membership Inference Attack (MIA) aims to determine whether a specific data sample was included in the training dataset of a target model. Traditional MIA approaches rely on shadow models to mimic target model behavior, but their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Li Cuihong , Huang Xiaowen , Yin Chuanhuan , Sang Jitao

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) are widely used to quantify training data memorization and assess privacy risks. Standard evaluation requires repeated retraining, which is computationally costly for large models. One-run methods (single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Mathieu Even , Clément Berenfeld , Linus Bleistein , Tudor Cebere , Julie Josse , Aurélien Bellet

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) aim to determine whether a specific sample was used to train a predictive model. Knowing this may indeed lead to a privacy breach. Most MIAs, however, make use of the model's prediction scores - the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Dominik Hintersdorf , Lukas Struppek , Kristian Kersting

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the promise to revolutionize computing broadly, but their complexity and extensive training data also expose significant privacy vulnerabilities. One of the simplest privacy risks associated with LLMs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Rongting Zhang , Martin Bertran , Aaron Roth

Machine learning (ML) has been widely adopted in various privacy-critical applications, e.g., face recognition and medical image analysis. However, recent research has shown that ML models are vulnerable to attacks against their training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Zheng Li , Yang Zhang

Fine-tuned language models pose significant privacy risks, as they may memorize and expose sensitive information from their training data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs) provide a principled framework for auditing these risks, yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 David Ilić , David Stanojević , Kostadin Cvejoski

Machine Learning (ML) has made unprecedented progress in the past several decades. However, due to the memorability of the training data, ML is susceptible to various attacks, especially Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs), the objective of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Shuhao Li , Yajie Wang , Yuanzhang Li , Yu-an Tan

Synthetic tabular data has gained attention for enabling privacy-preserving data sharing. While substantial progress has been made in single-table synthetic generation where data are modeled at the row or item level, most real-world data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Joshua Ward , Chi-Hua Wang , Guang Cheng

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) are critical tools for assessing privacy risks and ensuring compliance with regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). However, their potential for auditing unauthorized use of data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Depeng Chen , Hao Chen , Hulin Jin , Jie Cui , Hong Zhong