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Developing high fidelity quantitative models of solid state reaction systems can be challenging, especially in deposition systems where, in addition to the multiple competing processes occurring simultaneously, the solid interacts with its…
Solar cells based on kesterite-type $Cu_2ZnSnS_4$ (CZTS) thin films were fabricated using a chemical route to prepare the $CZTS$ films, consisting in sequential deposition of $Cu_2SnS_3$ (CTS) and $ZnS$ thin films followed by annealing at…
Thin-film solar cells based on the semiconductor Cu$_2$ZnSnS$_4$ (CZTS) are a promising candidate for Terawatt-scale renewable energy generation. While CZTS is composed of earth abundant and non-toxic elements, arranged in the kesterite…
We investigate the synthesis of kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) polycrystalline thin films using cosputtering from binary sulfide targets followed by annealing in sulfur vapor at 500 {\deg}C to 650 {\deg}C. The films are the kesterite CZTS phase…
We propose a low-cost approach for the synthesis of multifunctional CuSnS3 (CTS) ternary compound thin film via spray pyrolysis technique. By varying Sn and S doping concentrations, a high energy absorber layers of CuSnS3 thin films were…
Recent advances in theoretical structure prediction methods and high-throughput computational techniques are revolutionizing experimental discovery of the thermodynamically stable inorganic materials. Metastable materials represent a new…
Thin films of Cu-W-O ternary compounds were fabricated via DC magnetron co-sputtering from Cu and W metallic targets under controlled oxygen partial pressures, followed by thermal annealing. Low-oxygen conditions favored the formation of a…
Chalcopyrite semiconductors are of considerable interest for application as absorber layers in thin-film photovoltaic cells. When growing films of these compounds, however, they are often found to contain CuAu- like domains, a metastable…
Highly textured chalcogenide films have recently gained significant interest for phase-change memory applications. Several reports have highlighted that programming efficiency improves in devices featuring superlattice stacks, such as…
Two-dimensional tungsten disulfide (WS2) is a promising semiconductor for next-generation optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices, but scalable routes to uniform, large-area films remain challenging. In this study, a systematic thermal…
We have investigated properties of superconducting titanium nitride (TiN) films that were sputtered over a large range of RF-induced DC bias voltage applied to the substrate. Films grown with the largest bias voltages contained cubic TiN…
The Cu-deficient CuxInSe2 (x larger than 0.3) phase can be stabilized as a thin film. A uniform Cu-deficient composition with a chalcopyrite structure was obtained by the precision engineering of a two-step synthesis process involving…
The monolithic tandem integration of third-generation solar energy materials on silicon holds great promise for photoelectrochemistry and photovoltaics. However, this can be challenging when it involves high-temperature reactive processes,…
Although new photovoltaic materials, such as organic perovskites, have attracted much attention recently,\cite{perov1,perov2,perov3} zinc-blende semiconductors still play an important role, owing to their high efficiency and stability in…
Controlling the polymorph formation in organic semiconductor thin films by the choice of substrate and deposition temperature is a key factor for targeted device performance. Small molecular semiconductors such as the quadrupolar…
Following the recent success of monolithically integrated Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells, great interest has been raised in searching for alternative wide bandgap top-cell materials with prospects of a fully earth-abundant, stable and…
CuInP2S6 (CIPS) is an emerging layered ferroelectric material with a TC above room temperature. When synthesized with Cu deficiencies (i.e., Cu1-xIn1+x/3P2S6), the material segregates into CIPS and In4/3P2S6 (IPS) self-assembled…
Copper nanowires are widely used as on-chip interconnects due to superior conductivity. However, with aggressive Cu interconnect scaling, the diffusive surface scattering of electrons drastically increases the electrical resistivity. In…
We study theoretically resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at the Cu $L_3$-edge in a typical parent compound of high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors La$_2$CuO$_4$ on the basis of a detailed electronic band structure. We construct a…
A comparative study of the structural, optical and morphological properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films prepared by two different techniques was performed. One consists of sequential evaporation of the elemental metallic precursors under…