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The polar decomposition for a matrix $A$ is $A=UB$, where $B$ is a positive Hermitian matrix and $U$ is unitary (or, if $A$ is not square, an isometry). This paper shows that the ability to apply a Hamiltonian $\pmatrix{ 0 & A^\dagger \cr A…

Unrolling a decoding algorithm allows to achieve extremely high throughput at the cost of increased area. Look-up tables (LUTs) can be used to replace functions otherwise implemented as circuits. In this work, we show the impact of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Pascal Giard , Syed Aizaz Ali Shah , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Maximilian Stark , Gerhard Bauch

We propose to reduce the decoding complexity of polar codes with non-Arikan kernels by employing a (near) ML decoding algorithm for the codes generated by kernel rows. A generalization of the order statistics algorithm is presented for soft…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Peter Trifonov

Polar coding is a recently proposed coding technique that can provably achieve the channel capacity. The polar code structure, which is based on the original 2x2 generator matrix, polarises the channels, i.e., a portion of the channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Berksan Serbetci , Ali Emre Pusane

We improve the method in \cite{Seidl:10} for increasing the finite-lengh performance of polar codes by protecting specific, less reliable symbols with simple outer repetition codes. Decoding of the scheme integrates easily in the known…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-11 Mathis Seidl , Johannes B. Huber

Polar codes provably achieve the symmetric capacity of a memoryless channel while having an explicit construction. This work aims to increase the throughput of polar decoder hardware by an order of magnitude relative to the state of the art…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-05-20 Gabi Sarkis , Pascal Giard , Alexander Vardy , Claude Thibeault , Warren J. Gross

In this paper, we study the connection between polar codes and product codes. Our analysis shows that the product of two polar codes is again a polar code, and we provide guidelines to compute its frozen set on the basis of the frozen sets…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Carlo Condo , Valerio Bioglio , Hartmut Hafermann , Ingmar Land

This paper presents a polarization-driven (PD) shortening technique for the design of rate-compatible polar codes. The proposed shortening strategy consists of reducing the generator matrix by relating its row index with the channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-02 R. M. Oliveira , R. C. de Lamare

We consider automorphism ensemble decoding (AED) of quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Belief propagation (BP) decoding on the conventional factor graph is equivariant to the quasi-cyclic automorphisms and therefore…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Marvin Geiselhart , Moustafa Ebada , Ahmed Elkelesh , Jannis Clausius , Stephan ten Brink

Polar codes represent one of the major recent breakthroughs in coding theory and, because of their attractive features, they have been selected for the incoming 5G standard. As such, a lot of attention has been devoted to the development of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Marco Mondelli , S. Hamed Hassani , Rudiger Urbanke , Warren J. Gross

Let $\mathcal{A}$ be an abelian variety over a number field, with a good reduction at a prime ideal containing a prime number $p$. Denote by ${\rm A}$ an abelian variety over a finite field of characteristic $p$, obtained by the reduction…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-10-02 Artyom Smirnov , Alexey Zaytsev

A combinatorial code $\mathcal{C}$ is a collection of subsets of $[n]$, or equivalently a set of points in $\{0,1\}^n$. A morphism of codes is a map from one combinatorial code to another such that the coordinates of points in the image can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Juliann Geraci , Alexander B. Kunin , Alexandra Seceleanu

We revisit the idea of using deep neural networks for one-shot decoding of random and structured codes, such as polar codes. Although it is possible to achieve maximum a posteriori (MAP) bit error rate (BER) performance for both code…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-27 Tobias Gruber , Sebastian Cammerer , Jakob Hoydis , Stephan ten Brink

Polar codes are of great interest since they are the first provably capacity-achieving forward error correction codes. To improve throughput and to reduce decoding latency of polar decoders, maximum likelihood (ML) decoding units are used…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Chenrong Xiong , Jun Lin , Zhiyuan Yan

Precoded polar product codes are proposed, where selected component codes enable successive cancellation list decoding to generate bit-wise soft messages efficiently for iterative decoding while targeting optimized distance spectrum as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mustafa Cemil Coşkun

This paper first presents a new approach to evaluating the descriptive complexity of finite-length binary sequences. Specifically, we investigate the sequence-wise recovery behavior induced by polar compression and successive cancellation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xinyuanmeng Yao , Xiao Ma

Constructive algorithms, requiring no more than $2\times 2$ matrix manipulations, are provided for finding the entries of the positive definite factor in the polar decomposition of matrices in sixteen groups preserving a bilinear form in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Francis Adjei , Marcus Cisneros , Deep Desai , Viswanath Ramakrishna , Brandon Whiteley

Polar codes, invented by Arikan in 2009, are known to achieve the capacity of any binary-input memoryless output-symmetric channel. One of the few drawbacks of the original polar code construction is that it is not universal. This means…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-16 S. Hamed Hassani , Rudiger Urbanke

Motivated by the significant performance gains which polar codes experience under successive cancellation list decoding, their scaling exponent is studied as a function of the list size. In particular, the error probability is fixed and the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Marco Mondelli , S. Hamed Hassani , Rüdiger Urbanke

The codewords of the homomorphism code $\operatorname{aHom}(G,H)$ are the affine homomorphisms between two finite groups, $G$ and $H$, generalizing Hadamard codes. Following the work of Goldreich--Levin (1989), Grigorescu et al. (2006),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-11 László Babai , Timothy J. F. Black , Angela Wuu