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Van der Waals stacking presents new opportunities for nonlinear optics with its remarkable tunability and scalability. However, the fundamental role of interlayer interactions in modifying the overall nonlinear optical susceptibilities…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-11 Kanchan Shaikh , Taejun Yoo , Zeyuan Zhu , Qiuyang Li , Amalya C. Johnson , Hui Deng , Fang Liu , Yuki Kobayashi

Topological photonics enables robust light manipulation with third-order optical nonlinearity, yet integrating second-order optical nonlinearity into a topological system faces fundamental challenges: frequency-dependent topological…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-30 Ruoyu Wang , Yiming Pan , Xiaoqin Shen

Second-harmonic generation is of paramount importance in several fields of science and technology, including frequency conversion, self-referencing of frequency combs, nonlinear spectroscopy and pulse characterization. Advanced…

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a second-order nonlinear optical process that is not allowed in media with inversion sym-metry. However, due to the broken symmetry at the surface, surface SHG still occurs, but is generally small. We…

Chip-scale nonlinear optics enables strong light-matter interactions within compact devices, serving as a fundamental platform for multifunctional integrated photonics from classical optical signal processing to quantum information…

The ability to engineer nonlinear optical processes in all-dielectric nanostructures is both of fundamental interest and highly desirable for high-performance, robust, and miniaturized nonlinear optical devices. Herein, we propose a novel…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-25 Tingting Liu , Xinyuan Fang , Shuyuan Xiao

The efficient optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) of two-dimensional (2D) crystals, coupled with their atomic thickness that circumvents the phase-match problem, has garnered considerable attention. While various 2D heterostructures…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-10-31 Wontaek Kim , Gyouil Jeong , Juseung Oh , Jihun Kim , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Sunmin Ryu

Second order optical nonlinear processes involve the coherent mixing of two electromagnetic waves to generate a new optical frequency, which plays a central role in a variety of applications, such as ultrafast laser systems, rectifiers,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Sanfeng Wu , Li Mao , Aaron M. Jones , Wang Yao , Chuanwei Zhang , Xiaodong Xu

Since de discovery of graphene, the family of 2-dimensional materials has attracted much recent attention. In this work, the nonlinear optical properties of few-layer MoS2 two-dimensional crystals are studied using femtosecond laser pulses.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-06-20 Leandro M. Malard , Thonimar V. Alencar , Ana Paula M. Barboza , Kin Fai Mak , Ana M. de Paula

Optical resonances in nanostructures enable strong enhancement of nonlinear processes at the nanoscale, such as second-harmonic generation (SHG), with high-$Q$ modes providing intensified light--matter interactions and sharp spectral…

Nonreciprocal devices that allow the light propagation in only one direction are indispensable in photonic circuits and emerging quantum technologies. Contemporary optical isolators and circulators, however, require large size or strong…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-12 Shingo Toyoda , Manfred Fiebig , Taka-hisa Arima , Yoshinori Tokura , Naoki Ogawa

Silica-based optical fibers are a workhorse of nonlinear optics. They have been used to demonstrate nonlinear phenomena such as solitons and self-phase modulation. Since the introduction of the photonic crystal fiber, they have found many…

Directional harmonic generation is an important property characterizing the ability of nonlinear optical antennas to diffuse the signal in well-defined region of space. Herein, we show how sub-wavelength facets of an organic molecular…

Optical materials with centrosymmetry, such as silicon and germanium, are unfortunately absent of second-order nonlinear optical responses, hindering their developments in efficient nonlinear optical devices. Here, a design with an array of…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-17 C. Fang , Q. Yang , Q. Yuan , L. Gu , X. Gan , Y. Shao , Y. Liu , G. Han , Y. Hao

The ability to engineer metamaterials with tunable nonlinear optical properties is crucial for nonlinear optics. Traditionally, metals have been employed to enhance nonlinear optical interactions through field localization. Here, inspired…

We show that the lack of inversion symmetry in monolayer MoS2 allows strong optical second harmonic generation. Second harmonic of an 810-nm pulse is generated in a mechanically exfoliated monolayer, with a nonlinear susceptibility on the…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-15 Nardeep Kumar , Sina Najmaei , Qiannan Cui , Frank Ceballos , Pulickel M. Ajayan , Jun Lou , Hui Zhao

Plasmonic resonances in metallic nanostructures have been shown to drastically enhance local electromagnetic fields, and thereby increase the efficiency of nonlinear optical phenomena, such as second harmonic generation (SHG). While it has…

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a powerful optical tool for identifying non-centrosymmetric crystalline structures. Here, we analyze SHG in multilayer graphenes (MLG), with a focus on its dependence on the stacking order, encapsulation…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Patrick Johansen Sarsfield , Takaaki V. Joya , Takuto Kawakami , Mikito Koshino , Vladimir Fal'ko

Dynamical control of the nonlinear optical properties of solids -- with light itself -- will be essential for future ultrafast photonic technologies. Previously, methods to modulate nonlinear processes including second-harmonic generation…

Second-harmonic generation allows for coherently bridging distant regions of the optical spectrum, with applications ranging from laser technology to self-referencing of frequency combs. However, accessing the nonlinear response of a medium…