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Large language models (LLMs) not only exhibit human-like performance but also share computational principles with the brain's language processing mechanisms. While prior research has focused on mapping LLMs' internal representations to…
With Artificial Intelligence (AI) becoming ubiquitous in every application domain, the need for explanations is paramount to enhance transparency and trust among non-technical users. Despite the potential shown by Explainable AI (XAI) for…
Given the complexity and lack of transparency in deep neural networks (DNNs), extensive efforts have been made to make these systems more interpretable or explain their behaviors in accessible terms. Unlike most reviews, which focus on…
The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence requires accurate forecasts and means to understand the reasoning of artificial intelligence models behind such a forecast. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to provide cues…
Vision-Language Models (VLMs) transfer visual and textual data into a shared embedding space. In so doing, they enable a wide range of multimodal tasks, while also raising critical questions about the nature of machine 'understanding.' In…
This paper proposes an alternative approach to the basic taxonomy of explanations produced by explainable artificial intelligence techniques. Methods of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) were developed to answer the question why a…
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a critical area of research to unravel the opaque inner logic of (deep) machine learning models. Among the various XAI techniques proposed in the literature, counterfactual…
Although deep neural networks hold the state-of-the-art in several remote sensing tasks, their black-box operation hinders the understanding of their decisions, concealing any bias and other shortcomings in datasets and model performance.…
The rise of deep learning in today's applications entailed an increasing need in explaining the model's decisions beyond prediction performances in order to foster trust and accountability. Recently, the field of explainable AI (XAI) has…
Explaining the predictions of opaque machine learning algorithms is an important and challenging task, especially as complex models are increasingly used to assist in high-stakes decisions such as those arising in healthcare and finance.…
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has re-emerged in response to the development of modern AI and ML systems. These systems are complex and sometimes biased, but they nevertheless make decisions that impact our lives. XAI systems are…
Explainable AI (XAI) is essential for understanding machine learning (ML) decision-making and ensuring model trustworthiness in scientific applications. Prototype-based XAI methods offer an intrinsically interpretable alternative to…
Deep neural networks form the backbone of artificial intelligence research, with potential to transform the human experience in areas ranging from autonomous driving to personal assistants, healthcare to education. However, their…
A central issue addressed by the rapidly growing research area of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is to provide methods to give explanations for the behaviours of Machine Learning (ML) non-interpretable models after the training.…
Smart home systems are gaining popularity as homeowners strive to enhance their living and working environments while minimizing energy consumption. However, the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled decision-making models in…
State of the art Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have reached an impressive complexity. Consequently, researchers are discovering more and more methods to use them in real-world applications. However, the complexity of such systems…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has continued to achieve tremendous success in recent times. However, the decision logic of these frameworks is often not transparent, making it difficult for stakeholders to understand, interpret or explain…
Deep learning methods exhibit outstanding performance in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image interpretation tasks. However, these are black box models that limit the comprehension of their predictions. Therefore, to meet this challenge, we…
The field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) often focuses on users with a strong technical background, making it challenging for non-experts to understand XAI methods. This paper presents "x-[plAIn]", a new approach to make XAI…
This article examines the application of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in NLP based fake news detection and compares selected interpretability methods. The work outlines key aspects of disinformation, neural network…