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We prove that quantum expander codes can be combined with quantum fault-tolerance techniques to achieve constant overhead: the ratio between the total number of physical qubits required for a quantum computation with faulty hardware and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-13 Omar Fawzi , Antoine Grospellier , Anthony Leverrier

Demonstrating subthreshold scaling of a surface-code quantum memory on hardware whose native connectivity does not match the code remains a central challenge. We address this on IBM heavy-hex superconducting processors by co-designing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Arian Vezvaee , Cesar Benito , Mario Morford-Oberst , Alejandro Bermudez , Daniel A. Lidar

Bias-tailored codes such as the XZZX surface code and the domain wall color code achieve high dephasing-biased thresholds because, in the infinite-bias limit, their $Z$ syndromes decouple into one-dimensional repetition-like chains; the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Mohammad Rowshan

Three-dimensional (3D) printing's accessibility enables rapid manufacturing but also poses security risks, such as the unauthorized production of untraceable firearms and prohibited items. To ensure traceability and accountability,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Junsheng Liu , Netanel Raviv

Dynamical stabilizer codes may offer a practical route to large-scale quantum computation. Such codes are defined by a schedule of error-detecting measurements, which allows for flexibility in their construction. In this work, we ask how…

Connecting multiple processors via quantum interconnect technologies could help overcome scalability issues in single-processor quantum computers. Transmission via these interconnects can be performed more efficiently using quantum…

We give a broad generalisation of the mapping, originally due to Dennis, Kitaev, Landahl and Preskill, from quantum error correcting codes to statistical mechanical models. We show how the mapping can be extended to arbitrary stabiliser or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-03 Christopher T. Chubb , Steven T. Flammia

The typical model for measurement noise in quantum error correction is to randomly flip the binary measurement outcome. In experiments, measurements yield much richer information - e.g., continuous current values, discrete photon counts -…

Few-shot object detection (FSOD) is challenging due to unstable optimization and limited generalization arising from the scarcity of training samples. To address these issues, we propose a hybrid ensemble decoder that enhances…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xuanlong Yu , Youyang Sha , Longfei Liu , Xi Shen , Di Yang

Performing large calculations with a quantum computer will likely require a fault-tolerant architecture based on quantum error-correcting codes. The challenge is to design practical quantum error-correcting codes that perform well against…

Quantum error correction is believed to be essential for scalable quantum computation, but its implementation is challenging due to its considerable space-time overhead. Motivated by recent experiments demonstrating efficient manipulation…

Hypergraph product codes are a prototypical family of quantum codes with state-of-the-art decodability properties. In this work we consider the "noisy" syndrome decoding problem and exact recovery problem for hypergraph product codes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Venkata Gandikota , Elena Grigorescu , Vatsal Jha , S. Venkitesh

Quantum error correction offers a promising path for performing quantum computations with low errors. Although a fully fault-tolerant execution of a quantum algorithm remains unrealized, recent experimental developments, along with…

We discuss single-shot decoding of quantum Calderbank-Shor-Steane codes with faulty syndrome measurements. We state the problem as a joint source-channel coding problem. By adding redundant rows to the code's parity-check matrix we obtain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-20 Aldo Cumitini , Stefano Tinelli , Balázs Matuz , Francisco Lázaro , Luca Barletta

Imperfect measurements are a prevalent source of error across quantum computing platforms, significantly degrading the logical error rates achievable on current hardware. To mitigate this issue, rich measurement data referred to as soft…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Joonas Majaniemi , Elisha S. Matekole

To enable fault tolerance on millions of qubits in real time, scalable decoding is necessary, which motivates this paper. Existing decoding algorithms (decoders), such as clustering, matching, belief propagation (BP), and neural networks,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yanzhang Zhu , Chen-Yu Peng , Yun Hao Chen , Yeong-Luh Ueng , Di Wu

Products codes (PCs) are conventionally decoded with efficient iterative bounded-distance decoding (iBDD) based on hard-decision channel outputs which entails a performance loss compared to a soft-decision decoder. Recently, several hybrid…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Sisi Miao , Lukas Rapp , Laurent Schmalen

Mixed-state phases of matter under local decoherence have recently garnered significant attention due to the ubiquitous presence of noise in current quantum processors. One of the key issues is understanding how topological quantum memory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Seunghun Lee , Eun-Gook Moon

Decoders that provide an estimate of the probability of a logical failure conditioned on the error syndrome ("soft-output decoders") can reduce the overhead cost of fault-tolerant quantum memory and computation. In this work, we construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Nadine Meister , Christopher A. Pattison , John Preskill

We introduce an efficient decoder of the color code in $d\geq 2$ dimensions, the Restriction Decoder, which uses any $d$-dimensional toric code decoder combined with a local lifting procedure to find a recovery operation. We prove that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Aleksander Kubica , Nicolas Delfosse