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Learning approaches rely on hyperparameters that impact the algorithm's performance and affect the knowledge extraction process from data. Recently, Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has attracted a growing interest as a learning…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-29 Nicoletta Del Buono , Flavia Esposito , Laura Selicato , Rafal Zdunek

We introduce a new method based on nonnegative matrix factorization, Neural NMF, for detecting latent hierarchical structure in data. Datasets with hierarchical structure arise in a wide variety of fields, such as document classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Tyler Will , Runyu Zhang , Eli Sadovnik , Mengdi Gao , Joshua Vendrow , Jamie Haddock , Denali Molitor , Deanna Needell

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a prominent technique for the analysis of image databases, text databases and other information retrieval and clustering applications. In this report, we define an exact version of NMF. Then…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2007-09-27 Stephen A. Vavasis

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular model in the field of pattern recognition. It aims to find a low rank approximation for nonnegative data M by a product of two nonnegative matrices W and H. In general, NMF is NP-hard to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Junjun Pan , Michael K. Ng

Deep matrix factorizations (deep MFs) are recent unsupervised data mining techniques inspired by constrained low-rank approximations. They aim to extract complex hierarchies of features within high-dimensional datasets. Most of the loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Pierre De Handschutter , Nicolas Gillis

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a widely used linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data. NMF requires that each data point is approximated by a convex combination of basis elements. Archetypal analysis (AA),…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-31 Pierre De Handschutter , Nicolas Gillis , Arnaud Vandaele , Xavier Siebert

Hottopixx, proposed by Bittorf et al. at NIPS 2012, is an algorithm for solving nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) problems under the separability assumption. Separable NMFs have important applications, such as topic extraction from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Tomohiko Mizutani

Matrix factorization is a widely used approach for top-N recommendation and collaborative filtering. When implemented on implicit feedback data (such as clicks), a common heuristic is to upweight the observed interactions. This strategy has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alex Ayoub , Samuel Robertson , Dawen Liang , Harald Steck , Nathan Kallus

Nonnegative matrix factorization is the following problem: given a nonnegative input matrix $V$ and a factorization rank $K$, compute two nonnegative matrices, $W$ with $K$ columns and $H$ with $K$ rows, such that $WH$ approximates $V$ as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-10 Valentin Leplat , Yurii Nesterov , Nicolas Gillis , François Glineur

Binary data matrices can represent many types of data such as social networks, votes, or gene expression. In some cases, the analysis of binary matrices can be tackled with nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), where the observed data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-23 Alberto Lumbreras , Louis Filstroff , Cédric Févotte

Matrix factorization (MF) is a widely used collaborative filtering (CF) algorithm for recommendation systems (RSs), due to its high prediction accuracy, great flexibility and high efficiency in big data processing. However, with the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yining Wu , Shengyu Duan , Gaole Sai , Chenhong Cao , Guobing Zou

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been shown to be identifiable under the separability assumption, under which all the columns(or rows) of the input data matrix belong to the convex cone generated by only a few of these columns(or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-03-25 Jason Gejie Liu , Shuchin Aeron

In the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) problem, the input is an $m\times n$ matrix $M$ with non-negative entries and the goal is to factorize it as $M\approx AW$. The $m\times k$ matrix $A$ and the $k\times n$ matrix $W$ are both…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Moses Charikar , Lunjia Hu

Addressing the interpretability problem of NMF on Boolean data, Boolean Matrix Factorization (BMF) uses Boolean algebra to decompose the input into low-rank Boolean factor matrices. These matrices are highly interpretable and very useful in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Sebastian Dalleiger , Jilles Vreeken

Spectroscopic anomaly detection and isotope identification algorithms are integral components in nuclear nonproliferation applications such as search operations. The task is especially challenging in the case of mobile detector systems due…

Binary quantization approaches, which replace weight matrices with binary matrices and substitute costly multiplications with cheaper additions, offer a computationally efficient approach to address the increasing computational and storage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Vladimír Boža , Vladimír Macko

The separability assumption (Donoho & Stodden, 2003; Arora et al., 2012) turns non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) into a tractable problem. Recently, a new class of provably-correct NMF algorithms have emerged under this assumption. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-10-04 Abhishek Kumar , Vikas Sindhwani , Prabhanjan Kambadur

Sequence model based NLP applications can be large. Yet, many applications that benefit from them run on small devices with very limited compute and storage capabilities, while still having run-time constraints. As a result, there is a need…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Urmish Thakker , Jesse Beu , Dibakar Gope , Ganesh Dasika , Matthew Mattina

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is the problem of determining two non-negative low rank factors $W$ and $H$, for the given input matrix $A$, such that $A \approx W H$. NMF is a useful tool for many applications in different domains…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-30 Ramakrishnan Kannan , Grey Ballard , Haesun Park

Lossy image compression is essential for efficient transmission and storage. Traditional compression methods mainly rely on discrete cosine transform (DCT) or singular value decomposition (SVD), both of which represent image data in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-28 Pooya Ashtari , Pourya Behmandpoor , Fateme Nateghi Haredasht , Jonathan H. Chen , Panagiotis Patrinos , Sabine Van Huffel