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In this work, we propose the use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for rover localization on Mars. Precise pose estimation is an important task for mobile robots exploring planetary surfaces, as they operate in GPS-denied environments.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Anja Sheppard , Katherine A. Skinner

We propose a novel method to reliably estimate the pose of a camera given a sequence of images acquired in extreme environments such as deep seas or extraterrestrial terrains. Data acquired under these challenging conditions are corrupted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Yang Zheng , Tolga Birdal , Fei Xia , Yanchao Yang , Yueqi Duan , Leonidas J. Guibas

Automatic terrain recognition in Mars rover images is an important problem not just for navigation, but for scientists interested in studying rock types, and by extension, conditions of the ancient Martian paleoclimate and habitability.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Tejas Panambur , Deep Chakraborty , Melissa Meyer , Ralph Milliken , Erik Learned-Miller , Mario Parente

Future Mars missions will require advanced guidance, navigation, and control algorithms for the powered descent phase to target specific surface locations and achieve pinpoint accuracy (landing error ellipse $<$ 5 m radius). The latter…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Brian Gaudet , Richard Linares , Roberto Furfaro

Depth estimation plays a great potential role in obstacle avoidance and navigation for further Mars exploration missions. Compared to traditional stereo matching, learning-based stereo depth estimation provides a data-driven approach to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Junjie Li , Jiawei Wang , Miyu Li , Yu Liu , Yumei Wang , Haitao Xu

In this paper, emerging deep learning techniques are leveraged to deal with Mars visual navigation problem. Specifically, to achieve precise landing and autonomous navigation, a novel deep neural network architecture with double branches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Jiang Zhang , Yuanqing Xia , Ganghui Shen

Spacecraft entering Mars require precise navigation algorithms capable of accurately estimating the vehicle's position and velocity in dynamic and uncertain atmospheric environments. Discrepancies between the true Martian atmospheric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Felipe Giraldo-Grueso , Andrey A. Popov , Renato Zanetti

This work presents a new dataset for the Martian digital elevation model prediction task, ready for machine learning applications called MCTED. The dataset has been generated using a comprehensive pipeline designed to process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Rafał Osadnik , Pablo Gómez , Eleni Bohacek , Rickbir Bahia

With the progress of Mars exploration, numerous Mars image data are collected and need to be analyzed. However, due to the imbalance and distortion of Martian data, the performance of existing computer vision models is unsatisfactory. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Wenjing Wang , Lilang Lin , Zejia Fan , Jiaying Liu

Terrain assessment is a key aspect for autonomous exploration rovers, surrounding environment recognition is required for multiple purposes, such as optimal trajectory planning and autonomous target identification. In this work we present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Sebastiano Chiodini , Luca Torresin , Marco Pertile , Stefano Debei

This work presents a deep-learning approach to estimate atmospheric density profiles for use in planetary entry guidance problems. A long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is trained to learn the mapping between measurements available…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-31 Jens A. Rataczak , Davide Amato , Jay W. McMahon

Soil moisture is a quantity of interest in many application areas including agriculture and climate modeling. Existing methods are not suitable for scale applications due to large deployment costs in high-resolution sensing applications…

Space exploration has witnessed revolutionary changes upon landing of the Perseverance Rover on the Martian surface and demonstrating the first flight beyond Earth by the Mars helicopter, Ingenuity. During their mission on Mars,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Mohammed Salah , Mohammed Chehadah , Muhammed Humais , Mohammed Wahbah , Abdulla Ayyad , Rana Azzam , Lakmal Seneviratne , Yahya Zweiri

For the past several decades, numerous attempts have been made to model the climate of Mars with extensive studies focusing on the planet's dynamics and the understanding of its climate. While physical modeling and data assimilation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-06 Nour Abdelmoneim , Dattaraj B. Dhuri , Dimitra Atri , Germán Martínez

In the future, extraterrestrial expeditions will not only be conducted by rovers but also by flying robots. The technical demonstration drone Ingenuity, that just landed on Mars, will mark the beginning of a new era of exploration…

The general profile and overarching goal of this proposed mission is to pioneer potentially highly beneficial (even vital) and cost-effective techniques for the future human colonization of Mars. Adopting radically new and disruptive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Hanjo Schnellbaecher , Florian Dufresne , Tommy Nilsson , Leonie Becker , Oliver Bensch , Enrico Guerra , Wafa Sadri , Vanessa Neumann

Mapping and exploration of a Martian terrain with an aerial vehicle has become an emerging research direction, since the successful flight demonstration of the Mars helicopter Ingenuity. Although the autonomy and navigation capability of…

Planetary exploration using aerial assets has the potential for unprecedented scientific discoveries on Mars. While NASA's Mars helicopter Ingenuity proved flight in Martian atmosphere is possible, future Mars rotorcraft will require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Dario Pisanti , Robert Hewitt , Roland Brockers , Georgios Georgakis

In this field report, we detail the lessons learned from our field expedition to collect Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data in a Mars analog environment for the purpose of validating GPR localization techniques in rugged environments.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Anja Sheppard , Katherine A. Skinner

In addition to conventional ground rovers, the Mars 2020 mission will send a helicopter to Mars. The copter's high-resolution data helps the rover to identify small hazards such as steps and pointy rocks, as well as providing rich textual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Takahiro Sasaki , Kyohei Otsu , Rohan Thakker , Sofie Haesaert , Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi