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This paper addresses the problem of photometric stereo for non-Lambertian surfaces. Existing approaches often adopt simplified reflectance models to make the problem more tractable, but this greatly hinders their applications on real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Guanying Chen , Kai Han , Kwan-Yee K. Wong

We present a novel method to estimate the surface normal of an object in an ambient light environment using RGB and event cameras. Modern photometric stereo methods rely on an RGB camera, mainly in a dark room, to avoid ambient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Wonjeong Ryoo , Giljoo Nam , Jae-Sang Hyun , Sangpil Kim

We conduct a thorough study of photometric stereo under nearby point light source illumination, from modeling to numerical solution, through calibration. In the classical formulation of photometric stereo, the luminous fluxes are assumed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-05 Yvain Quéau , Bastien Durix , Tao Wu , Daniel Cremers , François Lauze , Jean-Denis Durou

Three-dimensional reconstruction of objects from shading information is a challenging task in computer vision. As most of the approaches facing the Photometric Stereo problem use simplified far-field assumptions, real-world scenarios have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Roberto Mecca , Fotios Logothetis , Ignas Budvytis , Roberto Cipolla

Photometric stereo is a powerful method for obtaining per-pixel surface normals from differently illuminated images of an object. While several methods address photometric stereo with different image (or light) counts ranging from one to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Ashish Tiwari , Mihir Sutariya , Shanmuganathan Raman

Reconstructing the 3D shape of an object using several images under different light sources is a very challenging task, especially when realistic assumptions such as light propagation and attenuation, perspective viewing geometry and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Fotios Logothetis , Ignas Budvytis , Roberto Mecca , Roberto Cipolla

This paper tackles the task of uncalibrated photometric stereo for 3D object reconstruction, where both the object shape, object reflectance, and lighting directions are unknown. This is an extremely difficult task, and the challenge is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Junxuan Li , Hongdong Li

Photometric stereo leverages variations in illumination conditions to reconstruct surface normals. Display photometric stereo, which employs a conventional monitor as an illumination source, has the potential to overcome limitations often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Seokjun Choi , Seungwoo Yoon , Giljoo Nam , Seungyong Lee , Seung-Hwan Baek

Uncalibrated photometric stereo aims at estimating the 3D-shape of a surface, given a set of images captured from the same viewing angle, but under unknown, varying illumination. While the theoretical foundations of this inverse problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Mohammed Brahimi , Yvain Quéau , Bjoern Haefner , Daniel Cremers

Color photometric stereo enables single-shot surface reconstruction, extending conventional photometric stereo that requires multiple images of a static scene under varying illumination to dynamic scenarios. However, most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Zonglin Li , Jieji Ren , Shuangfan Zhou , Heng Guo , Jinnuo Zhang , Jiang Zhou , Boxin Shi , Zhanyu Ma , Guoying Gu

Universal photometric stereo (PS) is defined by two factors: it must (i) operate under arbitrary, unknown lighting conditions and (ii) avoid reliance on specific illumination models. Despite progress (e.g., SDM UniPS), two challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Houyuan Chen , Hong Li , Chongjie Ye , Zhaoxi Chen , Bohan Li , Shaocong Xu , Xianda Guo , Xuhui Liu , Yikai Wang , Baochang Zhang , Satoshi Ikehata , Boxin Shi , Anyi Rao , Hao Zhao

Uncalibrated photometric stereo is proposed to estimate the detailed surface normal from images under varying and unknown lightings. Recently, deep learning brings powerful data priors to this underdetermined problem. This paper presents a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Fangzhou Gao , Meng Wang , Lianghao Zhang , Li Wang , Jiawan Zhang

Reconstructing the 3D shape of an object from a set of images is a classical problem in Computer Vision. Photometric stereo is one of the possible approaches. It stands on the assumption that the object is observed from a fixed point of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-26 A. Concas , R. Dessì , C. Fenu , G. Rodriguez , M. Vanzi

Natural Light Uncalibrated Photometric Stereo (NaUPS) relieves the strict environment and light assumptions in classical Uncalibrated Photometric Stereo (UPS) methods. However, due to the intrinsic ill-posedness and high-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Zongrui Li , Zhan Lu , Haojie Yan , Boxin Shi , Gang Pan , Qian Zheng , Xudong Jiang

Recently, 3D face reconstruction from a single image has achieved great success with the help of deep learning and shape prior knowledge, but they often fail to produce accurate geometry details. On the other hand, photometric stereo…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Xueying Wang , Yudong Guo , Bailin Deng , Juyong Zhang

Reconstructing the 3D shape of an object using several images under different light sources is a very challenging task, especially when realistic assumptions such as light propagation and attenuation, perspective viewing geometry and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Fotios Logothetis , Roberto Mecca , Ignas Budvytis , Roberto Cipolla

We introduce the first end-to-end learning-based solution to near-field Photometric Stereo (PS), where the light sources are close to the object of interest. This setup is especially useful for reconstructing large immobile objects. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Daniel Lichy , Soumyadip Sengupta , David W. Jacobs

This paper proposes an uncalibrated photometric stereo method for non-Lambertian scenes based on deep learning. Unlike previous approaches that heavily rely on assumptions of specific reflectances and light source distributions, our method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Guanying Chen , Kai Han , Boxin Shi , Yasuyuki Matsushita , Kwan-Yee K. Wong

Recent state-of-the-art algorithms in photometric stereo rely on neural networks and operate either through prior learning or inverse rendering optimization. Here, we revisit the problem of calibrated photometric stereo by leveraging recent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Matéo Ducastel , David Tschumperlé , Yvain Quéau

Photometric stereo (PS) is a fundamental technique in computer vision known to produce 3-D shape with high accuracy. The setting of PS is defined by using several input images of a static scene taken from one and the same camera position…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-06 Maryam Khanian , Ali Sharifi Boroujerdi , Michael Breuß