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Probabilistic forecasting relies on past observations to provide a probability distribution for a future outcome, which is often evaluated against the realization using a scoring rule. Here, we perform probabilistic forecasting with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-06 Lorenzo Pacchiardi , Rilwan Adewoyin , Peter Dueben , Ritabrata Dutta

Through examples of coordinate and probability transformation between different distributions, the basic principle of normalizing flow is introduced in a simple and concise manner. From the perspective of the distribution of random variable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Hongjun Zhang

We propose a systematic training-free method to transform the probability flow of a "linear" stochastic process characterized by the equation X_{t}=a_{t}X_{0}+\sigma_{t}X_{1} into a straight constant-speed (SC) flow, reminiscent of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Kien Do , Duc Kieu , Toan Nguyen , Dang Nguyen , Hung Le , Dung Nguyen , Thin Nguyen

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in incorporating neural networks into particle filters, e.g. differentiable particle filters, to perform joint sequential state estimation and model learning for non-linear non-Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Xiongjie Chen , Yunpeng Li

We present Causal Posterior Estimation (CPE), a novel method for Bayesian inference in simulator models, i.e., models where the evaluation of the likelihood function is intractable or too computationally expensive, but where one can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Simon Dirmeier , Antonietta Mira

Normalizing flows are constructed from a base distribution with a known density and a diffeomorphism with a tractable Jacobian. The base density of a normalizing flow can be parameterised by a different normalizing flow, thus allowing maps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Samuel Klein , John Andrew Raine , Tobias Golling

Chance constrained optimal power flow (CC-OPF) formulations have been proposed to minimize operational costs while controlling the risk arising from uncertainties like renewable generation and load consumption. To solve CC-OPF, we often…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-20 Bowen Li , Ruiwei Jiang , Johanna L. Mathieu

In this work, we propose FlowTime, a generative model for probabilistic forecasting of multivariate timeseries data. Given historical measurements and optional future covariates, we formulate forecasting as sampling from a learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ahmed ElGazzar , Marcel van Gerven

To adopt neural networks in safety critical domains, knowing whether we can trust their predictions is crucial. Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) provide uncertainty estimates by averaging predictions with respect to the posterior weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Jannik Schmitt , Stefan Roth

Normalizing flows are a flexible class of probability distributions, expressed as transformations of a simple base distribution. A limitation of standard normalizing flows is representing distributions with heavy tails, which arise in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-13 Tennessee Hickling , Dennis Prangle

Predicting future states or actions of a given system remains a fundamental, yet unsolved challenge of intelligence, especially in the scope of complex and non-deterministic scenarios, such as modeling behavior of humans. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Maciej Zięba , Marcin Przewięźlikowski , Marek Śmieja , Jacek Tabor , Tomasz Trzcinski , Przemysław Spurek

Human Pose Estimation (HPE) is increasingly important for applications like virtual reality and motion analysis, yet current methods struggle with balancing accuracy, computational efficiency, and reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shipeng Liu , Ziliang Xiong , Bastian Wandt , Per-Erik Forssén

In various applications, probabilistic forecasts are required to quantify the inherent uncertainty associated with the forecast. However, numerous modern forecasting methods are still designed to create deterministic forecasts. Transforming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Kaleb Phipps , Benedikt Heidrich , Marian Turowski , Moritz Wittig , Ralf Mikut , Veit Hagenmeyer

Causal inconsistency arises when the underlying causal graphs captured by generative models like \textit{Normalizing Flows} (NFs) are inconsistent with those specified in causal models like \textit{Struct Causal Models} (SCMs). This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qingyang Zhou , Kangjie Lu , Meng Xu

The field of general-purpose robotics has recently embraced powerful probabilistic diffusion-based models to learn the complex embodiment behaviours. However, existing models often come with significant trade-offs, namely high computational…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jialong Li , Simon Kristoffersson Lind , Wenrui Xie , Maj Stenmark , Volker Krüger

Existing generative models for time series forecasting often transform simple priors (typically Gaussian) into complex data distributions. However, their sampling initialization, independent of historical data, hinders the capture of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Huibo Xu , Runlong Yu , Likang Wu , Xianquan Wang , Qi Liu

Conditional particle filters (CPFs) are powerful smoothing algorithms for general nonlinear/non-Gaussian hidden Markov models. However, CPFs can be inefficient or difficult to apply with diffuse initial distributions, which are common in…

Computation · Statistics 2020-11-23 Santeri Karppinen , Matti Vihola

We consider the problem of distribution-free predictive inference, with the goal of producing predictive coverage guarantees that hold conditionally rather than marginally. Existing methods such as conformal prediction offer marginal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-16 Rina Foygel Barber , Emmanuel J. Candès , Aaditya Ramdas , Ryan J. Tibshirani

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel in diverse tasks, yet their applications in high-stakes domains are often hampered by unreliable predictions. Although numerous uncertainty quantification methods have been proposed to address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Tianyi Zhao , Jian Kang , Lu Cheng

Sampling from unnormalized densities is analogous to the generative modeling problem, but the target distribution is defined by a known energy function instead of data samples. Because evaluating the energy function is often costly, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Aaron Havens , Brian Karrer , Neta Shaul
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