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A finite, simple and undirected graph $G = (V, E)$ with $p$ vertices and $q$ edges is said to be a $k$-geometric mean graph for a positive integer $k$ if there is an injection $\psi :V(G)\to \{k,k+1,\dots,k+q\}$ such that, when each edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-05 Penying Rochanakul

We continue the study of balanceable graphs, defined by Caro, Hansberg, and Montejano in 2021 as graphs $G$ such that any $2$-coloring of the edges of a sufficiently large complete graph containing sufficiently many edges of each color…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Milad Ahanjideh , Martin Milanič , Mary Servatius

Let $G$ be a compact quantum group. We show that given a $G$-equivariant $\mathrm{C}^*$-correspondence $E$, the Pimsner algebra $\mathcal{O}_E$ can be naturally made into a $G$-$\mathrm{C}^*$-algebra. We also provide sufficient conditions…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Suvrajit Bhattacharjee , Soumalya Joardar

Given a weighted graph $G$ embedded in a non-orientable surface $\Sigma$, one can consider the corresponding weighted graph $\widetilde{G}$ embedded in the so-called orientation cover $\widetilde\Sigma$ of $\Sigma$. We prove identities…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 David Cimasoni , Anh Minh Pham

A $k$-antimagic labeling of a graph $G$ is an injection from $E(G)$ to $\{1,2,\dots,|E(G)|+k\}$ such that all vertex sums are pairwise distinct, where the vertex sum at vertex $u$ is the sum of the labels assigned to edges incident to $u$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-09 Antoni Lozano , Mercè Mora , Carlos Seara

For a simple graph G = (V, E) and a positive integer k greater than or equal to 2, a coloring of vertices of G using exactly k colors such that each vertex has an equal number of neighbors of each color is called neighborhood-balanced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Maurice Genevieva Almeida , Tarkeshwar Singh , Siddharth Gupta , Ravindra Pawar

An equitable coloring is a proper coloring of a graph such that the sizes of the color classes differ by at most one. A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable if there exists an equitable coloring of $G$ which uses $k$ colors, each one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-21 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Michael J. Pelsmajer

Given a (proper) vertex coloring $f$ of a graph $G$, say $f\colon V(G)\to \mathbb{N}$, the difference edge labelling induced by $f$ is a function $h\colon E(G)\to \mathbb{N}$ defined as $h(uv)=|f(u)-f(v)|$ for every edge $uv$ of $G$. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Cyriac Antony , Laavanya D. , Devi Yamini S

Suppose the vertices of a graph $G$ were labeled arbitrarily by positive integers, and let $Sum(v)$ denote the sum of labels over all neighbors of vertex $v$. A labeling is lucky if the function $Sum$ is a proper coloring of $G$, that is,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-10-26 Arash Ahadi , Ali Dehghan , Esmael Mollaahmadi

We introduce a class of labeled graphs (with legs) which contains two classes of GKM graphs of $4n$-dimensional manifolds with $T^{n}\times S^{1}$-actions, i.e., GKM graphs of the toric hyperK${\rm\ddot{a}}$hler manifolds and of the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-07-11 Shintaro Kuroki , Vikraman Uma

Given a digraph $D$ with $m $ arcs, a bijection $\tau: A(D)\rightarrow \{1, 2, \ldots, m\}$ is an antimagic labeling of $D$ if no two vertices in $D$ have the same vertex-sum, where the vertex-sum of a vertex $u $ in $D$ under $\tau$ is the…

A graph $G$ of order $n$ is said to be $k$-factor-critical for integers $1\leq k < n$, if the removal of any $k$ vertices results in a graph with a perfect matching. $1$- and $2$-factor-critical graphs are the well-known factor-critical and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-08 Jing Guo , Heping Zhang

Let G=(V,E) be a graph of order n without isolated vertices. A bijection f:V -- {1,2,...n} is called a local distance antimagic labeling if the weights of any two adjacent vertices are not equal, where the weight of a vertex is defined to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Maurice Genevieva Almeida , Tarkeshwar Singh

A graph is equitably $k$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest $k$ for which such a coloring exists is known as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-10-25 Hanna Furmañczyk , Marek Kubale , Vahan V. Mkrtchyan

Given a symmetric matrix $M\in \{0,1,*\}^{D\times D}$, an $M$-partition of a graph $G$ is a function from $V(G)$ to $D$ such that no edge of $G$ is mapped to a $0$ of $M$ and no non-edge to a $1$. We give a computer-assisted proof that,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-06-30 Martin Dyer , Leslie Ann Goldberg , David Richerby

The existence of $1$-factorizations of an infinite complete equipartite graph $K_m[n]$ (with $m$ parts of size $n$) admitting a vertex-regular automorphism group $G$ is known only when $n=1$ and $m$ is countable (that is, for countable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-18 Simone Costa , Tommaso Traetta

Odd coloring is a variant of proper coloring and has received wide attention. We study the list-coloring version of this notion in this paper. We prove that if $G$ is a graph embeddable in the torus or the Klein bottle with no cycle of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Rishi Balaji , Victoria Khazhinsky , Chun-Hung Liu , Kevin Qin

By a labeled graph $C^*$-algebra we mean a $C^*$-algebra associated to a labeled space $(E,\mathcal L,\mathcal E)$ consisting of a labeled graph $(E,\mathcal L)$ and the smallest normal accommodating set $\mathcal E$ of vertex subsets.…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2017-08-01 Ja A Jeong , Gi Hyun Park

A graph labeling assigns values to the components of a graph (vertices, edges, etc.). In particular, distance magic labelings have been widely studied in undirected graphs. In such a labeling, the vertices are labeled with unique values…

Let $\Gamma$ be a $G$-symmetric graph with vertex set $V$. We suppose that $V$ admits a $G$-partition $\mathcal{B} = \{ B_0, ... , B_b \}$, with parts of size $v$, and that the quotient graph induced on $\mathcal B$ is a complete graph of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-06 A. Gardiner , Cheryl E. Praeger