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Related papers: A High-Order Asymptotic Analysis of the Benjamin-F…

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We investigate the Benjamin-Feir instability of small-amplitude gravity-capillary Stokes waves in deep water for the full water wave equations. While modulational instability has been classically predicted by formal asymptotic approaches,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Ting-Yang Hsiao , Xinyang Wang

Small-amplitude, traveling, space periodic solutions -- called Stokes waves -- of the 2 dimensional gravity water waves equations in deep water are linearly unstable with respect to long-wave perturbations, as predicted by Benjamin and Feir…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Massimiliano Berti , Alberto Maspero , Paolo Ventura

We prove that a Stokes' periodic wave of sufficiently small amplitude, traveling under gravity at the free surface of a two dimensional, infinitely deep, and irrotational flow, is spectrally unstable to slow modulation, rigorously…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-18 Vera Mikyoung Hur

We investigate the spectral instability of a $2\pi/\kappa$ periodic Stokes wave of sufficiently small amplitude, traveling in water of unit depth, under gravity. Numerical evidence suggests instability whenever the unperturbed wave is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-10-09 Vera Mikyoung Hur , Zhao Yang

Euler's equations govern the behavior of gravity waves on the surface of an incompressible, inviscid, and irrotational fluid of arbitrary depth. We investigate the spectral stability of sufficiently small-amplitude, one-dimensional Stokes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-14 Ryan Creedon , Bernard Deconinck , Olga Trichtchenko

We generalize the periodic Evans function approach recently used to study the spectral stability of Stokes wave and gravity-capillary (including Wilton ripples) in water of finite depth to study spectral stability of Stokes waves in water…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Zhao Yang

We consider a full set of harmonics for the Stokes wave in deep water in the absence of viscosity, and examine the role that higher harmonics play in modifying the classical Benjamin-Feir instability. Using a representation of the wave…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-04-26 Shahrdad G. Sajjadi , David L. Ross

We study the spectral stability of small-amplitude Stokes waves in a family of weakly nonlinear, unidirectional models of the form $u_t + L u + (u^2)_x = 0$. We introduce a perturbation method to expand the spectral data in wave amplitude…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Benjamin Akers , Ryan P. Creedon

Whitham and Benjamin predicted in 1967 that small-amplitude periodic traveling Stokes waves of the 2d-gravity water waves equations are linearly unstable with respect to long-wave perturbations, if the depth $\mathtt h$ is larger than a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-06-06 Massimiliano Berti , Alberto Maspero , Paolo Ventura

We show that periodic traveling waves with sufficiently small amplitudes of the Whitham equation, which incorporates the dispersion relation of surface water waves and the nonlinearity of the shallow water equations,are spectrally unstable…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Vera Mikyoung Hur , Mathew A. Johnson

It is proven that small-amplitude steady periodic water waves with infinite depth are unstable with respect to long-wave perturbations. This modulational instability was first observed more than half a century ago by Benjamin and Feir. It…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-07-05 Huy Q. Nguyen , Walter A. Strauss

For Stokes waves in finite depth within the neighbourhood of the Benjamin-Feir stability transition, there are two families of periodic waves, one modulationally unstable and the other stable. In this paper we show that these two families…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-10-24 Daniel J. Ratliff , Olga Trichtchenko , Thomas J. Bridges

In this paper we consider a family of generalized Korteweg-de Vries equations and study the linear modulational instability of small amplitude traveling waves solutions. Under explicit non-degeneracy conditions on the dispersion relation,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2024-04-10 Alberto Maspero , Antonio Milosh Radakovic

We study the modulational stability problem for the traveling periodic waves (called Stokes waves) in an infinitely deep fluid by using pseudo-differential operators in conformal variables. We derive the criteria and the normal forms for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-15 Sergey Dyachenko , Robert Marangell , Dmitry E. Pelinovsky

This paper sets out to explore the modulational (or Benjamin-Feir) instability of a monochromatic wave propagating in the presence of damping such as that induced by sea-ice on the ocean surface. The fundamental wave motion is modelled…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-12 Raphael Stuhlmeier , Conor Heffernan , Alberto Alberello , Emilian Părău

This paper fully answers a long standing open question concerning the stability/instability of pure gravity periodic traveling water waves -- called Stokes waves -- at the critical Whitham-Benjamin depth $ \mathtt{h}_{\scriptscriptstyle WB}…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-06-26 Massimiliano Berti , Alberto Maspero , Paolo Ventura

We analyze the spectral stability of small-amplitude, periodic, traveling-wave solutions of a Boussinesq-Whitham system. These solutions are shown numerically to exhibit high-frequency instabilities when subject to bounded perturbations on…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-02-11 Ryan Creedon , Bernard Deconinck , Olga Trichtchenko

This study presents a detailed investigation of the modulational stability of interfacial wave packets in a two-layer inviscid incompressible fluid with finite layer thicknesses and interfacial surface tension. The stability analysis is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-20 Olga Avramenko , Volodymyr Naradovyi

We study the two-dimensional gravity-capillary water waves equations for a fluid of finite depth $\mathtt{h}>0$ under the combined effects of gravity and surface tension $\kappa \geq 0$. We analyze the linear stability and instability of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-06 Ting-Yang Hsiao , Alberto Maspero

This paper proves long-standing conjectures regarding the existence of infinitely many high-frequency modulational instability ``isolas" for a Stokes wave in arbitrary depth $ \mathtt{h} > 0 $, under longitudinal perturbations. We provide a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Massimiliano Berti , Livia Corsi , Alberto Maspero , Paolo Ventura
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