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Over the course of the recent decades, $N$-body simulations have become a standard tool for quantifying the gravitational perturbations that ensue in planet-forming disks. Within the context of such simulations, massive non-central bodies…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 Shirui Peng , Konstantin Batygin

Planetary formation might occur at different stages of the stellar evolution of compact binaries. In recent years, the formation of second-generation planets has been tested in circumbinary discs formed by the ejection of stellar material…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Arianna Nigioni , Diego Turrini , Camilla Danielski , Danae Polychroni , John E. Chambers

Disc instability (DI) is a model aimed at explaining the formation of companions through the fragmentation of the circumstellar gas disc. Furthermore, DI could explain the formation of part of the observed exoplanetary population. We aim to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 O. Schib , C. Mordasini , A. Emsenhuber , R. Helled

Instabilities in compact planetary systems are generically driven by chaotic dynamics. This implies that an instability time measured through direct N-body integration is not exact, but rather represents a single draw from a distribution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Naireen Hussain , Daniel Tamayo

We present models for the formation of terrestrial planets, and the collisional evolution of debris disks, in planetary systems that contain multiple unstable gas giants. We previously showed that the dynamics of the giant planets…

Planet formation scenarios can be constrained by the ratio of the gaseous envelope mass relative to the solid core mass in the observed exoplanet populations. One-dimensional calculations find a critical (maximal) core mass for quasi-static…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 William Béthune

In protoplanetary disks the aerodynamical friction between particles and gas induces a variety of instabilities that facilitate planet formation. Of these we examine the so-called `secular gravitational instability' (SGI) in the two-fluid…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Henrik Latter , Roxana Rosca

For a long time, gravitational instability in the disk of planetesimals has been suspected to be the main engine responsible for the beginning of dust growth, its advantage being that it provides for rapid growth. Its real importance in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. Tanga , S. J. Weidenschilling , P. Michel , D. C. Richardson

Doppler surveys have shown that more massive stars have significantly higher frequencies of giant planets inside $\sim$ 3 AU than lower mass stars, consistent with giant planet formation by core accretion. Direct imaging searches have begun…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Alan P. Boss

We study orbital inclination changes associated with the precession of a disc-planet system that occurs through gravitational interaction with a binary companion on an inclined orbit. We investigate whether this scenario can account for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-14 M. Xiang-Gruess , J. C. B. Papaloizou

Stellar flybys in star clusters may perturb the evolution of young planetary systems in terms of disk truncation, planetary migration and planetary mass accretion. We investigate the feedback of a young planetary system during a single…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Raffaele Stefano Cattolico , Roberto Capuzzo-Dolcetta

We investigate the stability of those low-mass Trojan planets that form in a protoplanetary disc and subsequently accrete gas to become gas giants. We calculate their evolution before, during, and after gas disc dispersal. A two-dimensional…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Paul Cresswell , Richard P. Nelson

We analyze the gravitational collapse of solids subject to gas drag in a protoplanetary disk. We also study the stirring of solids by turbulent fluctuations to determine the velocity dispersion and thickness of the midplane particle layer.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew N. Youdin

The observation of massive exoplanets at large separation from their host star, like in the HR 8799 system, challenges theories of planet formation. A possible formation mechanism involves the fragmentation of massive self-gravitating discs…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Clément Baruteau , Farzana Meru , Sijme-Jan Paardekooper

Disks of low-mass bodies scattered by giant planets to large semi-major axis and constant periapsis orbits are vulnerable to a buckling instability. This instability exponentially grows orbital inclinations, raises periapsis distances, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-24 Alexander Zderic , Ann-Marie Madigan

We study the stability of gaps opened by a giant planet in a self-gravitating protoplanetary disc. We find a linear instability associated with both the self-gravity of the disc and local vortensity maxima which coincide with gap edges. For…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Min-Kai Lin , John Papaloizou

The two innermost planets of the Proxima Centauri system are separated by just 0.02 au, inducing strong gravitational interactions between them. We assess this interaction by leveraging fast orbital stability indicators and find that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-18 Joseph R. Livesey , Rory Barnes , Russell Deitrick

In co-orbital planetary systems, two or more planets share the same orbit around their star. Here we test the dynamical stability of co-orbital rings of planets perturbed by outside forces. We test two setups: i) 'stationary' rings of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-10 Sean N. Raymond , Dimitri Veras , Matthew S. Clement , Andre Izidoro , David Kipping , Victoria Meadows

We present a new systematic way of setting up galactic gas disks based on the assumption of detailed hydrodynamic equilibrium. To do this, we need to specify the density distribution and the velocity field which supports the disk. We first…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Hsiang-Hsu Wang , Ralf S. Klessen , Cornelis P. Dullemond , Frank C. van den Bosch , Burkhard Fuchs

Many Local Group dwarf spheroidal galaxies are found in the Galactic halo along great circles in the sky. Some of these stellar systems are thought to be the fragments of larger parent galaxies which have once intruded into and were torn…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Fellhauer , D. N. C. Lin
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