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We consider the surface diffusion and Willmore flows acting on a general class of (possibly non-compact) hypersurfaces parameterized over a uniformly regular reference manifold possessing a tubular neighborhood with uniform radius. The…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-01-03 Jeremy LeCrone , Yuanzhen Shao , Gieri Simonett

A new conformally invariant energy for four-dimensional hypersurfaces is devised. It renders possible the study of a large class of curvature energies, and we show that their critical points are smooth. As corollaries, we obtain the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Yann Bernard

For a hypersurface in ${\mathbb R}^3$, Willmore flow is defined as the $L^2$--gradient flow of the classical Willmore energy: the integral of the squared mean curvature. This geometric evolution law is of interest in differential geometry,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-06 John W. Barrett , Harald Garcke , Robert Nürnberg

For a given family of smooth closed curves $\gamma^1,...,\gamma^\alpha\subset\mathbb{R}^3$ we consider the problem of finding an elastic \emph{connected} compact surface $M$ with boundary $\gamma=\gamma^1\cup...\cup\gamma^\alpha$. This is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Matteo Novaga , Marco Pozzetta

The Willmore energy for Frenet curves in quaternionic projective space is the generalization of the Willmore functional for immersions into the 4-sphere. Critical points of the Willmore energy are called Willmore curves in quaternionic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 K. Leschke

Consider a surface, enclosing a fixed volume, described by a free-energy depending only on the local geometry; for example, the Canham-Helfrich energy quadratic in the mean curvature describes a fluid membrane. The stress at any point on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jemal Guven

We show the short-time existence and uniqueness of solutions for the motion of an evolving hypersurface in contact with a solid container driven by volume-preserving mean curvature flow (MCF) taking line tension effects on the boundary into…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-03-26 Helmut Abels , Harald Garcke , Lars Müller

We prove that the critical points of various energies such as the area, the Willmore energy, the frame energy for tori...etc among possibly branched immersions constrained to evolve within a smooth sub-manifold of the Teichm\"uller space…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-07-23 Tristan Rivière

Functionals involving surface curvature are important across a range of scientific disciplines, and their extrema are representative of physically meaningful objects such as atomic lattices and biomembranes. Inspired in particular by the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-01-31 Anthony Gruber , Magdalena Toda , Hung Tran

We study the sublevel sets of the Willmore energy on the space of smoothly immersed $ 2 $-spheres in Euclidean $ 3 $-space. We show that the subset of immersions with energy at most $ 12\pi $ consists of four regular homotopy classes.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Elena Mäder-Baumdicker , Jona Seidel

For every $g\in\mathbb{N}_0$ and $\epsilon>0$, we construct a smooth genus $g$ surface embedded into the unit ball with area $8\pi$ and Willmore energy smaller than $8\pi + \epsilon$. From this we deduce that a minimising sequence for…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-10 Stephan Wojtowytsch

For a bounded smooth domain in the plane and smooth boundary data we consider the minimisation of the Willmore functional for graphs subject to Dirichlet or Navier boundary conditions. For $H^2$-regular graphs we show that bounds for the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-03-05 Klaus Deckelnick , Hans-Christoph Grunau , Matthias Röger

We study surface energies depending on the mean curvature in total spaces of Killing submersions, which extend the classical notion of Willmore energy. Based on a symmetry reduction procedure, we construct vertical tori critical for these…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-09-22 Alvaro Pampano

The Willmore energy plays a central role in the conformal geometry of surfaces in the conformal 3-sphere \(S^3\). It also arises as the leading term in variational problems ranging from black holes, to elasticity, and cell biology. In the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Felix Knöppel , Ulrich Pinkall , Peter Schröder , Yousuf Soliman

We show that soft spheres interacting with a linear ramp potential when overcompressed beyond the jamming point fall in an amorphous solid phase which is critical, mechanically marginally stable and share many features with the jamming…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-07-29 Silvio Franz , Antonio Sclocchi , Pierfrancesco Urbani

This is a companion paper to arXiv:1207.3529 where we introduced the spinorial energy functional and studied its main properties in dimensions equal or greater than three. In this article we focus on the surface case. A salient feature here…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-11-13 Bernd Ammann , Hartmut Weiss , Frederik Witt

A conformally invariant generalization of the Willmore energy for compact immersed submanifolds of even dimension in a Riemannian manifold is derived and studied. The energy arises as the coefficient of the log term in the renormalized area…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-04-13 C. Robin Graham , Nicholas Reichert

Area-constrained critical surfaces for the Hawking quasi-local energy ("Hawking surfaces") provide a natural setting for that energy: they enjoy positivity and rigidity properties. We construct large-scale foliations at infinity by Hawking…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Alejandro Peñuela Diaz

Mesoscopic particles immersed in a critical fluid experience long-range Casimir forces due to critical fluctuations. Using field theoretical methods, we investigate the Casimir interaction between two spherical particles and between a…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 E. Eisenriegler , U. Ritschel

This paper studies the effect of anisotropy on sharp or diffuse interfaces models. When the surface tension is a convex function of the normal to the interface, the anisotropy is said to be weak. This usually ensures the lower…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Jean-François Babadjian , Blanche Buet , Michael Goldman
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