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Scientific knowledge is predominantly stored in books and scientific journals, often in the form of PDFs. However, the PDF format leads to a loss of semantic information, particularly for mathematical expressions. We propose Nougat (Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Lukas Blecher , Guillem Cucurull , Thomas Scialom , Robert Stojnic

Retrieving accurate details from documents is a crucial task, especially when handling a combination of scanned images and native digital formats. This document presents a combined framework for text extraction that merges Optical Character…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Rasha Sinha , Rekha B S

Document understanding refers to automatically extract, analyze and comprehend information from various types of digital documents, such as a web page. Existing Multi-model Large Language Models (MLLMs), including mPLUG-Owl, have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Jiabo Ye , Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Yuhao Dan , Chenlin Zhao , Guohai Xu , Chenliang Li , Junfeng Tian , Qian Qi , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang

Document clustering is an unsupervised approach in which a large collection of documents (corpus) is subdivided into smaller, meaningful, identifiable, and verifiable sub-groups (clusters). Meaningful representation of documents and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-12-08 Muhammad Rafi , Farnaz Amin , Mohammad Shahid Shaikh

In recent years, the field of document understanding has progressed a lot. A significant part of this progress has been possible thanks to the use of language models pretrained on large amounts of documents. However, pretraining corpora…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Michał Turski , Tomasz Stanisławek , Karol Kaczmarek , Paweł Dyda , Filip Graliński

Abstractive summarization has made significant strides in condensing and rephrasing large volumes of text into coherent summaries. However, summarizing administrative documents presents unique challenges due to domain-specific terminology,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Phan Phuong Mai Chau , Souhail Bakkali , Antoine Doucet

One major drawback of state of the art Neural Networks (NN)-based approaches for document classification purposes is the large number of training samples required to obtain an efficient classification. The minimum required number is around…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Joris Voerman , Aurelie Joseph , Mickael Coustaty , Vincent Poulain d Andecy , Jean-Marc Ogier

Document parsing is essential for analyzing complex document structures and extracting fine-grained information, supporting numerous downstream applications. However, existing methods often require integrating multiple independent models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Mingxu Chai , Ziyu Shen , Chong Zhang , Yue Zhang , Xiao Wang , Shihan Dou , Jihua Kang , Jiazheng Zhang , Qi Zhang

Extracting key information from documents represents a large portion of business workloads and therefore offers a high potential for efficiency improvements and process automation. With recent advances in Deep Learning, a plethora of Deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Alexander Michael Rombach , Peter Fettke

Probability density function (PDF) based turbulent combustion modelling is limited by the need to store multi-dimensional PDF tables that can take up large amounts of memory. A significant saving in storage can be achieved by using various…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Rishikesh Ranade , Genong Li , Shaoping Li , Tarek Echekki

The role of conversational assistants has become more prevalent in helping people increase their productivity. Document-centered assistance, for example to help an individual quickly review a document, has seen less significant progress,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Maartje ter Hoeve , Robert Sim , Elnaz Nouri , Adam Fourney , Maarten de Rijke , Ryen W. White

This paper presents DavarOCR, an open-source toolbox for OCR and document understanding tasks. DavarOCR currently implements 19 advanced algorithms, covering 9 different task forms. DavarOCR provides detailed usage instructions and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Liang Qiao , Hui Jiang , Ying Chen , Can Li , Pengfei Li , Zaisheng Li , Baorui Zou , Dashan Guo , Yingda Xu , Yunlu Xu , Zhanzhan Cheng , Yi Niu

Multimodel Large Language Models(MLLMs) have achieved promising OCR-free Document Understanding performance by increasing the supported resolution of document images. However, this comes at the cost of generating thousands of visual tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Liang Zhang , Jiabo Ye , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

The rapid increase in unstructured data across various fields has made multi-document comprehension and summarization a critical task. Traditional approaches often fail to capture relevant context, maintain logical consistency, and extract…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Aditi Godbole , Jabin Geevarghese George , Smita Shandilya

Despite several successes in document understanding, the practical task for long document understanding is largely under-explored due to several challenges in computation and how to efficiently absorb long multimodal input. Most current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Hai Pham , Guoxin Wang , Yijuan Lu , Dinei Florencio , Cha Zhang

We present OCR-Quality, a comprehensive human-annotated dataset designed for evaluating and developing OCR quality assessment methods. The dataset consists of 1,000 PDF pages converted to PNG images at 300 DPI, sampled from diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yulong Zhang

Document understanding is critical for applications from financial analysis to scientific discovery. Current approaches, whether OCR-based pipelines feeding Large Language Models (LLMs) or native Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), face key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Sensen Gao , Shanshan Zhao , Xu Jiang , Lunhao Duan , Yong Xien Chng , Qing-Guo Chen , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jia-Wang Bian , Mingming Gong

The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

Document understanding and information extraction include different tasks to understand a document and extract valuable information automatically. Recently, there has been a rising demand for developing document understanding among…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Soyeon Caren Han , Yihao Ding , Siwen Luo , Josiah Poon , HeeGuen Yoon , Zhe Huang , Paul Duuring , Eun Jung Holden

Document parsing has garnered widespread attention as vision-language models (VLMs) advance OCR capabilities. However, the field remains fragmented across dozens of specialized models with varying strengths, forcing users to navigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Hao Feng , Wei Shi , Ke Zhang , Xiang Fei , Lei Liao , Dingkang Yang , Yongkun Du , Xuecheng Wu , Jingqun Tang , Yang Liu , Hong Chen , Can Huang