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We present a modular error mitigation protocol for running $\mathsf{BQP}$ computations on a quantum computer with time-dependent noise. Utilising existing tools from quantum verification and measurement-based quantum computation, our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Joseph Harris , Elham Kashefi

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) algorithms require novel paradigms of error mitigation. To obtain noise-robust quantum computers, each logical qubit is equipped with hundreds or thousands of physical qubits. However, it is not…

Quantum computing hardware is affected by quantum noise that undermine the quality of results of an executed quantum program. Amongst other quantum noises, coherent error that caused by parameter drifting and miscalibration, remains…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xiangyu Ren , Junjie Wan , Zhiding Liang , Antonio Barbalace

Flag verification techniques are useful in quantum error correction for detecting critical faults. Here we present an application of flag verification techniques to improving post-selected performance of near-term algorithms. We extend the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Dripto M. Debroy , Kenneth R. Brown

Extensive quantum error correction is necessary in order to perform a useful computation on a noisy quantum computer. Moreover, quantum error correction must be implemented based on imperfect parity check measurements that may return…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Nicolas Delfosse , Ben W. Reichardt , Krysta M. Svore

In this paper, we describe and experimentally demonstrate an error detection scheme that does not employ ancilla qubits or mid-circuit measurements. This is achieved by expanding the Hilbert space where a single logical qubit is encoded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Nicolas J. Guerrero , David E. Weeks

Several techniques have been recently introduced to mitigate errors in near-term quantum computers without the overhead required by quantum error correcting codes. While most of the focus has been on gate errors, measurement errors are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-10 Michael R. Geller

Quantum Error Mitigation is essential for enhancing the reliability of quantum computing experiments. The adaptive KIK error mitigation method has demonstrated significant advantages, including resilience to temporal noise drifts,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Ben Bar , Jader P. Santos , Raam Uzdin

Construction of a fault-tolerant quantum computer remains a challenging problem due to unavoidable noise in quantum states and the fragility of quantum entanglement. However, most of the error-correcting codes increases the complexity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-28 Kumar Nilesh , Piyush Joshi , Prasanta Panigrahi

Quantum noise is a central challenge in quantum computing across many applications. Extensive work has examined how qubits couple to their environment, leading to decoherence and relaxation, which is irreversible. Current studies focus on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Yunos El Kaderi , Andreas Honecker , Iryna Andriyanova

We calculate the fidelity with which an arbitrary state can be encoded into a [7,1,3] CSS quantum error correction code in a non-equiprobable Pauli operator error environment with the goal of determining whether this encoding can be used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-19 Sidney D. Buchbinder , Channing L. Huang , Yaakov S. Weinstein

Crosstalk and several sources of operational interference are invisible when qubit or a gate is calibrated or benchmarked in isolation. These are unlocked during the execution of full quantum circuit applying entangling gates to several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-02 Muhammad Ahsan

Quantum computation holds the promise of solving certain complex problems exponentially faster than classical computers. However, the high prevalent noise in current quantum devices impedes the accurate execution of even basic algorithms.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Prithviraj Prabhu

We present a simple, malleable and low-overhead approach for improving generic biased quantum error mitigation (QEM) methods, achieving up to 15% fidelity improvements over standard QEM on 100-qubit circuits with up to 2000 entangling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Joseph Harris , Kevin Lively , Peter Schuhmacher

We introduce a Bayesian method for the estimation of single qubit errors in quantum devices, and use it to characterize these errors on three 27-qubit superconducting qubit devices. We self-consistently estimate up to seven parameters of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-29 Haggai Landa , Dekel Meirom , Naoki Kanazawa , Mattias Fitzpatrick , Christopher J. Wood

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) has been proposed as a class of hardware-friendly error suppression techniques. While QEM has been primarily studied for mitigating errors in the estimation of expectation values of observables, recent works…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-18 Rion Shimazu , Suguru Endo , Shigeo Hakkaku , Shinobu Saito

Error mitigation (EM) methods are crucial for obtaining reliable results in the realm of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers, where noise significantly impacts output accuracy. Some EM protocols are particularly efficient for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Thibault Scoquart , Hugo Perrin , Kyrylo Snizhko

Multiqubit gates that involve three or more qubits are usually thought to be of little significance for fault-tolerant quantum error correction because single gate faults can lead to errors of high Pauli weight. However, recent works have…

Quantum gate benchmarking is unavoidably influenced by state preparation and measurement errors. Randomized benchmarking addresses this challenge by employing group twirling to regularize the noise channel, then provides a characterization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-02 Han Ye , Guoding Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

The Eastin-Knill theorem states that no quantum error correcting code can have a universal set of transversal gates. For CSS codes that can implement Clifford gates transversally it suffices to provide one additional non-Clifford gate, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-15 Christophe Piveteau , David Sutter , Sergey Bravyi , Jay M. Gambetta , Kristan Temme