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A typical implementation of BB84 protocol for quantum communication uses four laser diodes for transmitting weak coherent pulses, which may not have the same characteristics. We have characterized these lasers for mismatch in various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-11 Ayan Biswas , Anindya Banerji , Pooja Chandravashi , Rupesh Kumar , Ravindra P. Singh

Quantum key distribution (QKD) seeks to provide a method of generating cryptographically-secure keys between remote parties while guaranteeing unconditional security. Implementations of high-dimensional QKD using dispersive-optics (DO-QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Ariel Shlosberg , Alex Kwiatkowski , Akira Kyle , Graeme Smith

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is an important branch of quantum information science as it holds promise for unconditionally secure communication. For QKD research, a central issue is to improve the final secure key rate (SKR) and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Hao-Kun Mao , Qiang Zhao , Yu-Cheng Qiao , Bing-Ze Yan , Bing-Jie Xu , Ahmed A. Abd EL-Latif , Qiong Li

We propose a family of sifting-less quantum-key-distribution protocols which use reverse-reconciliation, and are based on weak coherent pulses (WCPs) polarized along m different directions. When m=4, the physical part of the protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-04 Fabio Grazioso , Frédéric Grosshans

We propose a novel double-entanglement-based quantum cryptography protocol that is both efficient and deterministic. The proposal uses photon pairs with entanglement both in polarization and in time degrees of freedom; each measurement in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Zeng-Bing Chen , Qiang Zhang , Xiao-Hui Bao , J. Schmiedmayer , Jian-Wei Pan

With the advent of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs), PUF-based quantum authentication systems (QAS) have been proposed for security purposes and recently proof-of-principle experiment has been demonstrated. As a further step towards…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-15 Yao Yao , Ming Gao , Mo Li , Jian Zhang

The influence of bright light on a single-photon detector has been described in a number of recent publications. The impact on quantum key distribution (QKD) is important, and several hacking experiments have been tailored to fully control…

We analyze the application of bright reference pulses to prevent the photon-number-splitting attack in weak-pulse quantum key distribution. Under the optimal eavesdropping strategy as far as we know, the optimal parameters of bright…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Guang Wu , Jie Chen , Yao Li , Lilin Xu , Heping Zeng

The phase-coding quantum cryptographic scheme using the homodyne detection and weak coherent state [Hirano et al.,Phys. Rev. A 68, 042331 (2003)] provides the simplest continuous-variable quantum key distribution scheme from the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-28 Shi-Hai Sun , Mu-Sheng Jiang , Lin-Mei Liang

Nowadays security in communication is increasingly important to the network communication because many categories of data are required restriction on authorization of access, modify, delete and insert. Quantum cryptography is one of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-06-23 Ajit Singh , Nidhi Sharma

In phase-randomized weak coherent pulse (WCP) implementations of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) BB84 protocol, the decoy method is often used to compensate BB84's vulnerability against photon number splitting (PNS) attacks. However, this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Zhiyao Wang , Aodhán Corrigan , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to provide theoretically unconditional security for cryptographic key sharing. However, practical implementations remain vulnerable due to non-ideal devices and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Cong Jiang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu , Hai Xu , Xiang-Bin Wang

In this work, we present a novel authenticated Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol employing maximally entangled qubit pairs. In the absence of noise, we securely authenticate the well-known BB84 QKD scheme under two assumptions: first,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Pol Julià Farré , Vladlen Galetsky , Soham Ghosh , Janis Nötzel , Christian Deppe

This note presents a method of public key distribution using quantum communication of n photons that simultaneously provides a high probability that the bits have not been tampered. It is a three-state variant of the quantum method of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-19 Subhash Kak

We employ quantum state discrimination theory to establish the ultimate limit for spoofing detection in electromagnetic signals encoded with random quantum states. Our analysis yields an analytical expression for the optimal bound, which we…

We present a method without decoy state to estimate faithfully and efficiently the yield and quantum bit error rate of single photon pulse for BB84 protocol. The numerical calculations show that key generation rate and maximal secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-04 Shi-Hai Sun , Cheng-Zu Li

The Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol is the most widely implemented quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme. However, despite enormous theoretical and experimental efforts in the past decades, the security of this protocol with imperfect…

The random switching of measurement bases is commonly assumed to be a necessary step of quantum key distribution protocols. In this paper we show that switching is not required for coherent state continuous variable quantum key…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is an innovative quantum communications protocol which exploits the laws of quantum mechanics to generate unconditionally secure cryptographic keying material between two geographically separated parties. The…

Imperfect devices in commercial quantum key distribution systems open security loopholes that an eavesdropper may exploit. An example of one such imperfection is the wavelength dependent coupling ratio of the fiber beam splitter. Utilizing…