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Reinforcement learning (RL) has significantly advanced the control of physics-based and robotic characters that track kinematic reference motion. However, methods typically rely on a weighted sum of conflicting reward functions, requiring…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Lucas N. Alegre , Agon Serifi , Ruben Grandia , David Müller , Espen Knoop , Moritz Bächer

Constrained reinforcement learning is to maximize the expected reward subject to constraints on utilities/costs. However, the training environment may not be the same as the test one, due to, e.g., modeling error, adversarial attack,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Yue Wang , Fei Miao , Shaofeng Zou

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in sequential decision tasks. However, recent studies have revealed the vulnerability of RL policies to different perturbations, raising concerns about their effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Buqing Nie , Yangqing Fu , Jingtian Ji , Yue Gao

Robotic systems operating in dynamic and uncertain environments increasingly require planners that satisfy complex task sequences while adhering to strict temporal constraints. Metric Interval Temporal Logic (MITL) offers a formal and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Zhaoan Wang , Junchao Li , Mahdi Mohammad , Shaoping Xiao

This paper presents a model-free reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to synthesize a control policy that maximizes the satisfaction probability of linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications. Due to the consideration of environment and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Mingyu Cai , Shaoping Xiao , Baoluo Li , Zhiliang Li , Zhen Kan

Reinforcement learning (RL) has increasingly been applied to solve real-world planning problems, with progress in handling large state spaces and time horizons. However, a key bottleneck in many domains is that RL methods cannot accommodate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Lily Xu , Bryan Wilder , Elias B. Khalil , Milind Tambe

Sampling-based trajectory planners are widely used for agile autonomous driving due to their ability to generate fast, smooth, and kinodynamically feasible trajectories. However, their behavior is often governed by a cost function with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alexander Langmann , Yevhenii Tokarev , Mattia Piccinini , Korbinian Moller , Johannes Betz

This paper proposes a safe reinforcement learning (RL) framework based on forward-invariance-induced action-space design. The control problem is cast as a Markov decision process, but instead of relying on runtime shielding or penalty-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-10 Chieh Tsai , Muhammad Junayed Hasan Zahed , Salim Hariri , Hossein Rastgoftar

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) require the joint optimization of discrete cyber actions and continuous physical parameters under stringent safety logic constraints. However, existing hierarchical approaches often compromise global optimality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Guangxi Wan , Peng Zeng , Xiaoting Dong , Chunhe Song , Shijie Cui , Dong Li , Qingwei Dong , Yiyang Liu , Hongfei Bai

In reinforcement learning (RL), different reward functions can define the same optimal policy but result in drastically different learning performance. For some, the agent gets stuck with a suboptimal behavior, and for others, it solves the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Grigorii Veviurko , Wendelin Böhmer , Mathijs de Weerdt

Document summarisation can be formulated as a sequential decision-making problem, which can be solved by Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms. The predominant RL paradigm for summarisation learns a cross-input policy, which requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Yang Gao , Christian M. Meyer , Mohsen Mesgar , Iryna Gurevych

We propose RHEA CL, which combines Curriculum Learning (CL) with Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms (RHEA) to automatically produce effective curricula during the training of a reinforcement learning agent. RHEA CL optimizes a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mohit Jiwatode , Leon Schlecht , Alexander Dockhorn

We study reinforcement learning (RL) for a class of continuous-time linear-quadratic (LQ) control problems for diffusions, where states are scalar-valued and running control rewards are absent but volatilities of the state processes depend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yilie Huang , Yanwei Jia , Xun Yu Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) is ubiquitous in the development of modern AI systems. However, state-of-the-art RL agents require extensive, and potentially unsafe, interactions with their environments to learn effectively. These limitations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Yarden As , Bhavya Sukhija , Lenart Treven , Carmelo Sferrazza , Stelian Coros , Andreas Krause

Meta reinforcement learning (Meta-RL) methods such as RL$^2$ have emerged as promising approaches for learning data-efficient RL algorithms tailored to a given task distribution. However, they show poor asymptotic performance and struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Abhinav Bhatia , Samer B. Nashed , Shlomo Zilberstein

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising tool to solve robust optimal well control problems where the model parameters are highly uncertain, and the system is partially observable in practice. However, RL of robust control policies often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Atish Dixit , Ahmed H. ElSheikh

Online Network Resource Allocation (ONRA) for service provisioning is a fundamental problem in communication networks. As a sequential decision-making under uncertainty problem, it is promising to approach ONRA via Reinforcement Learning…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Bahador Bakhshi , Josep Mangues-Bafalluy

Modern cyber-physical systems are becoming increasingly complex to model, thus motivating data-driven techniques such as reinforcement learning (RL) to find appropriate control agents. However, most systems are subject to hard constraints…

The functionality of Large Language Model (LLM) agents is primarily determined by two capabilities: action planning and answer summarization. The former, action planning, is the core capability that dictates an agent's performance. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Zhiwei Li , Yong Hu , Wenqing Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) faces substantial challenges when applied to real-life problems, primarily stemming from the scarcity of available data due to limited interactions with the environment. This limitation is exacerbated by the fact…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Cristiano Capone , Paolo Muratore