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Robust Markov decision processes (r-MDPs) extend MDPs by explicitly modelling epistemic uncertainty about transition dynamics. Learning r-MDPs from interactions with an unknown environment enables the synthesis of robust policies with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Yannik Schnitzer , Alessandro Abate , David Parker

Efficient planning of activities is essential for modern industrial assembly lines to uphold manufacturing standards, prevent project constraint violations, and achieve cost-effective operations. While exact solutions to such challenges can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Ali Mohamed Ali , Luca Tirel , Hashim A. Hashim

Many strategic decision-making problems, such as environment design for warehouse robots, can be naturally formulated as bi-level reinforcement learning (RL), where a leader agent optimizes its objective while a follower solves a Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Mikoto Kudo , Takumi Tanabe , Akifumi Wachi , Youhei Akimoto

Markov decision processes (MDPs) are used to model a wide variety of applications ranging from game playing over robotics to finance. Their optimal policy typically maximizes the expected sum of rewards given at each step of the decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Maximilian Nägele , Jan Olle , Thomas Fösel , Remmy Zen , Florian Marquardt

This paper considers a multi-agent Markov Decision Process (MDP), where there are $n$ agents and each agent $i$ is associated with a state $s_i$ and action $a_i$ taking values from a finite set. Though the global state space size and action…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Guannan Qu , Na Li

Training reinforcement learning (RL) agents using scalar reward signals is often infeasible when an environment has sparse and non-Markovian rewards. Moreover, handcrafting these reward functions before training is prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Alessandro Abate , Yousif Almulla , James Fox , David Hyland , Michael Wooldridge

This paper presents a data-driven approach for multi-robot coordination in partially-observable domains based on Decentralized Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (Dec-POMDPs) and macro-actions (MAs). Dec-POMDPs provide a general…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Miao Liu , Kavinayan Sivakumar , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Christopher Amato , Jonathan P. How

We study a multi-agent reinforcement learning dynamics, and analyze its asymptotic behavior in infinite-horizon discounted Markov potential games. We focus on the independent and decentralized setting, where players do not know the game…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Chinmay Maheshwari , Manxi Wu , Druv Pai , Shankar Sastry

Planning for distributed agents with partial state information is considered from a decision- theoretic perspective. We describe generalizations of both the MDP and POMDP models that allow for decentralized control. For even a small number…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Daniel S Bernstein , Shlomo Zilberstein , Neil Immerman

Although many real-world stochastic planning problems are more naturally formulated by hybrid models with both discrete and continuous variables, current state-of-the-art methods cannot adequately address these problems. We present the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Carlos E. Guestrin , Milos Hauskrecht , Branislav Kveton

One of the challenges for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is designing efficient learning algorithms for a large system in which each agent has only limited or partial information of the entire system. While exciting progress has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Haotian Gu , Xin Guo , Xiaoli Wei , Renyuan Xu

Reinforcement learning (RL) often necessitates a meticulous Markov Decision Process (MDP) design tailored to each task. This work aims to address this challenge by proposing a systematic approach to behavior synthesis and control for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Jean-Pierre Sleiman , Mayank Mittal , Marco Hutter

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) poses a significant and challenging problem critical for applications in robotics and logistics, particularly due to its combinatorial complexity and the partial observability inherent in realistic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Merve Atasever , Matthew Hong , Mihir Nitin Kulkarni , Qingpei Li , Jyotirmoy V. Deshmukh

Modelling the behaviours of other agents is essential for understanding how agents interact and making effective decisions. Existing methods for agent modelling commonly assume knowledge of the local observations and chosen actions of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Georgios Papoudakis , Filippos Christianos , Stefano V. Albrecht

In Markov decision processes (MDPs), quantile risk measures such as Value-at-Risk are a standard metric for modeling RL agents' preferences for certain outcomes. This paper proposes a new Q-learning algorithm for quantile optimization in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jia Lin Hau , Erick Delage , Esther Derman , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Marek Petrik

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has recently shown great promise in robotic continuous control tasks. Nevertheless, prior research in this vein center around the centralized learning setting that largely relies on the communication…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Dongge Han , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Tomasz Michalak , Michael Wooldridge

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) commonly adopts centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE), where centralized critics leverage global information to guide decentralized actors. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Yan Wang , Ke Deng , Yongli Ren

DNA-based nanonetworks have a wide range of promising use cases, especially in the field of medicine. With a large set of agents, a partially observable stochastic environment, and noisy observations, such nanoscale systems can be modelled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tanya Braun , Stefan Fischer , Florian Lau , Ralf Möller

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms often suffer from an exponential sample complexity dependence on the number of agents, a phenomenon known as \emph{the curse of multiagents}. In this paper, we address this challenge by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weichao Mao , Lin F. Yang , Kaiqing Zhang , Tamer Başar

We introduce an expressive framework and algorithms for the semi-decentralized control of cooperative agents in environments with communication uncertainty. Whereas semi-Markov control admits a distribution over time for agent actions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Mahdi Al-Husseini , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Kyle H. Wray