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Bayesian inference and the use of posterior or posterior predictive probabilities for decision making have become increasingly popular in clinical trials. The current practice in Bayesian clinical trials relies on a hybrid…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-30 Shirin Golchi , James Willard

A new class of dependent random measures which we call {\it compound random measures} are proposed and the use of normalized versions of these random measures as priors in Bayesian nonparametric mixture models is considered. Their…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-03 Jim E. Griffin , Fabrizio Leisen

This article introduces a novel nonparametric methodology for Generalized Linear Models which combines the strengths of the binary regression and latent variable formulations for categorical data, while overcoming their disadvantages.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-12 K. P. Chowdhury

The prior distribution on parameters of a sampling distribution is the usual starting point for Bayesian uncertainty quantification. In this paper, we present a different perspective which focuses on missing observations as the source of…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-23 Edwin Fong , Chris Holmes , Stephen G. Walker

Factor analysis models are widely utilized in social and behavioral sciences, such as psychology, education, and marketing, to measure unobservable latent traits. In this article, we introduce a nonlinear structured latent factor analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-07 Yimang Zhang , Xiaorui Wang , Jian Qing Shi

A Bayesian non-parametric framework for studying time-to-event data is proposed, where the prior distribution is allowed to depend on an additional random source, and may update with the sample size. Such scenarios are natural, for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-06 Martin Bladt , Jorge González Cázares

A family of random probabilities is defined and studied. This family contains the Dirichlet process as a special case, corresponding to an inner point in the appropriate parameter space. The extension makes it possible to have random means…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Nils Lid Hjort

Distribution regression has recently attracted much interest as a generic solution to the problem of supervised learning where labels are available at the group level, rather than at the individual level. Current approaches, however, do not…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-18 Ho Chung Leon Law , Danica J. Sutherland , Dino Sejdinovic , Seth Flaxman

In this paper, we propose a general framework for combining evidence of varying quality to estimate underlying binary latent variables in the presence of restrictions imposed to respect the scientific context. The resulting algorithms…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-28 Zhenke Wu , Livia Casciola-Rosen , Antony Rosen , Scott L. Zeger

In statistics, there are a variety of methods for performing model selection that all stem from slightly different paradigms of statistical inference. The reasons for choosing one particular method over another seem to be based entirely on…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Danica M. Ommen , Christopher P. Saunders

This article tackles the old problem of prediction via a nonparametric transformation model (NTM) in a new Bayesian way. Estimation of NTMs is known challenging due to model unidentifiability though appealing because of its robust…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-08 Chong Zhong , Jin Yang , Junshan Shen , Catherine Liu , Zhaohai Li

We consider the problem of sampling from a product-of-experts-type model that encompasses many standard prior and posterior distributions commonly found in Bayesian imaging. We show that this model can be easily lifted into a novel latent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Muhamed Kuric , Martin Zach , Andreas Habring , Michael Unser , Thomas Pock

The posterior probability distribution for a set of model parameters encodes all that the data have to tell us in the context of a given model; it is the fundamental quantity for Bayesian parameter estimation. In order to infer the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Rupert Allison , Joanna Dunkley

Current methods for learning graphical models with latent variables and a fixed structure estimate optimal values for the model parameters. Whereas this approach usually produces overfitting and suboptimal generalization performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Hagai Attias

Many of the data, particularly in medicine and disease mapping are count. Indeed, the under or overdispersion problem in count data distrusts the performance of the classical Poisson model. For taking into account this problem, in this…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-19 Mahsa Nadifar , Hossein Baghishani , Thomas Kneib , Afshin Fallah

We propose a general method to carry out a valid Bayesian analysis of a finite-dimensional `targeted' parameter in the presence of a finite-dimensional nuisance parameter. We apply our methods to causal inference based on estimating…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-03 Magid Sabbagh , David A. Stephens

State-of-the-art neural network-based methods for learning summary statistics have delivered promising results for simulation-based likelihood-free parameter inference. Existing approaches require density estimation as a post-processing…

The study of almost surely discrete random probability measures is an active line of research in Bayesian nonparametrics. The idea of assuming interaction across the atoms of the random probability measure has recently spurred significant…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Mario Beraha , Raffaele Argiento , Federico Camerlenghi , Alessandra Guglielmi

Mixture models are widely used in modeling heterogeneous data populations. A standard approach of mixture modeling assumes that the mixture component takes a parametric kernel form. In many applications, making parametric assumptions on the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-06 Yilei Zhang , Yun Wei , Aritra Guha , XuanLong Nguyen

Using observation data to estimate unknown parameters in computational models is broadly important. This task is often challenging because solutions are non-unique due to the complexity of the model and limited observation data. However,…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-18 Jiacheng Wu , Jian-Xun Wang , Shawn C. Shadden