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Forecasting large Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events associated with shocks driven by fast coronal mass ejections (CME) pose a major difficulty in the field of Space Weather. Besides issues associated with CME initiation, the SEP…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-19 J. Martin Laming , J. Dan Moses , Yuan-Kuen Ko , Chee K. Ng , Cara E. Rakowski , Allan J. Tylka

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are spectacular ejections of material from the Sun as seen in the coronal field of view. Regular observations are possible with both ground-based and space-based coronagraphs. I present our current…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Nandita Srivastava

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), as they can inject a large amounts of mass and magnetic flux into the interplanetary space, are the primary source of space weather phenomena on the Earth. The present review first briefly introduces the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-28 Wageesh Mishra , Luca Teriaca

Solar coronal dimmings have been observed extensively in the past two decades. Due to their close association with coronal mass ejections (CMEs), there is a critical need to improve our understanding of the physical processes that cause…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Meng Jin , Mark C. M. Cheung , Marc L. DeRosa , Nariaki V. Nitta , Carolus J. Schrijver

An outstanding problem in heliospheric physics is understanding the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEP) in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares. A fundamental question is whether the acceleration occurs in interplanetary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-09 Kamen Kozarev , Maher A. Dayeh , Ashraf Farahat

Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are space weather phenomena capable of causing significant disruptions to both space- and ground-based infrastructure. The timely and accurate detection and prediction of CMEs is a crucial steps towards…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-16 Maike Bauer , Justin Le Louëdec , Tanja Amerstorfer , Luke Barnard , David Barnes , Helmut Lammer

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are major drivers of geomagnetic storms, which may cause severe space weather effects. Automating the detection, tracking, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CMEs is important for operational…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-06 Jiahui Shan , Huapeng Zhang , Lei Lu , Yan Zhang , Li Feng , Yunyi Ge , Jianchao Xue , Shuting Li

Shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most powerful accelerators of gradual solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the inner heliosphere. On 2023 March 13, a halo CME, as seen from the Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO) and…

We investigate how coronal mass ejections (CMEs) propagate through, and interact with, the inner heliosphere between the Sun and Earth, a key question in CME research and space weather forecasting. CME Sun-to-Earth kinematics are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Ying D. Liu , Janet G. Luhmann , Noé Lugaz , Christian Möstl , Jackie A. Davies , Stuart D. Bale , Robert P. Lin

The Sun and other solar-type stars have magnetic fields that permeate their interior and surface, extends through the interplanetary medium, and is the main driver of stellar activity. Stellar magnetic activity affects physical processes…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-15 Fabian Menezes , Adriana Valio , Yuri Netto , Alexandre Araújo , Christina Kay , Merav Opher

Widespread solar energetic particle (SEP) events remain poorly understood phenomena in space weather. These events are often linked to coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their shocks, but the mechanisms governing their global particle…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 N. Wijsen , I. C. Jebaraj , N. Dresing , A. Kouloumvakos , E. Palmerio , L. Rodríguez-García

The existence of shocks driven by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) has always been assumed based on the superalfvenic speeds for some of these events and on indirect evidence such as radio bursts and distant streamer deflections. However, the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 A. Vourlidas , V. Ontiveros

Forecasting the in situ properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from remote images is expected to strongly enhance predictions of space weather, and is of general interest for studying the interaction of CMEs with planetary…

Numerical models of the solar wind and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) utilize photospheric magnetic field observations to prescribe the inner boundary conditions for the plasma solutions. These magnetic field data are available to the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Nishtha Sachdeva , Zhenguang Huang , Gabor Toth , Hongfan Chen , Ward B. Manchester , Bart van der Holst

Coronal and interplanetary shock waves produced by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are major drivers of space-weather phenomena, inducing major changes in the heliospheric radiation environment and directly perturbing the near-Earth…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-12 Manon Jarry , Alexis P. Rouillard , Illya Plotnikov , Athanasios Kouloumvakos , Alexander Warmuth

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are solar eruptions into interplanetary space of as much as a few billion tons of plasma, with embedded magnetic fields from the Sun's corona. These perturbations play a very important role in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. Hernandez-Cervantes , A. Santillan , A. R. Gonzalez-Ponce

Owing to our dependance on spaceborne technology, an awareness of disturbances in the near-Earth space environment is proving to be increasingly crucial. Earth-directed Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) emanating from the Sun are the primary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-17 Arun Babu

Coronal pseudostreamer flux systems have a specific magnetic configuration that influences the morphology and evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from these regions. Here we continue the analysis of the Wyper et al. (2024, ApJ 975,…

Stealth coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptions from the Sun that have no obvious low coronal signature. These CMEs are characteristically slower events, but can still be geoeffective and affect space weather at Earth. Therefore,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-11 Jennifer O'kane , Lucie Green , David M. Long , Hamish Reid

Understanding the evolution of radial sizes and instantaneous expansion speeds of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is crucial for assessing their impact duration on Earth's environment. We introduce a non-conventional approach to derive the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-30 Anjali Agarwal , Wageesh Mishra