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Visual sensory anomaly detection (AD) is an essential problem in computer vision, which is gaining momentum recently thanks to the development of AI for good. Compared with semantic anomaly detection which detects anomaly at the label level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Xi Jiang , Guoyang Xie , Jinbao Wang , Yong Liu , Chengjie Wang , Feng Zheng , Yaochu Jin

This paper introduces a novel anomaly detection (AD) problem aimed at identifying `odd-looking' objects within a scene by comparing them to other objects present. Unlike traditional AD benchmarks with fixed anomaly criteria, our task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ankan Bhunia , Changjian Li , Hakan Bilen

Visual anomaly detection plays a crucial role in not only manufacturing inspection to find defects of products during manufacturing processes, but also maintenance inspection to keep equipment in optimum working condition particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Tianpeng Bao , Jiadong Chen , Wei Li , Xiang Wang , Jingjing Fei , Liwei Wu , Rui Zhao , Ye Zheng

Anomaly detection is being regarded as an unsupervised learning task as anomalies stem from adversarial or unlikely events with unknown distributions. However, the predictive performance of purely unsupervised anomaly detection often fails…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-27 Nico Goernitz , Marius Micha Kloft , Konrad Rieck , Ulf Brefeld

Unsupervised anomaly detection stands as an important problem in machine learning, with applications in financial fraud prevention, network security and medical diagnostics. Existing unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms rarely perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Pritam Kar , Rahul Bordoloi , Olaf Wolkenhauer , Saptarshi Bej

Semi-supervised Anomaly Detection (AD) is a kind of data mining task which aims at learning features from partially-labeled datasets to help detect outliers. In this paper, we classify existing semi-supervised AD methods into two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Chao Chen , Dawei Wang , Feng Mao , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu

Anomaly detection and localization in visual data, including images and videos, are crucial in machine learning and real-world applications. Despite rapid advancements in visual anomaly detection (VAD), interpreting these often black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yizhou Wang , Dongliang Guo , Sheng Li , Octavia Camps , Yun Fu

The considerable significance of Anomaly Detection (AD) problem has recently drawn the attention of many researchers. Consequently, the number of proposed methods in this research field has been increased steadily. AD strongly correlates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Bahram Mohammadi , Mahmood Fathy , Mohammad Sabokrou

Unsupervised validation of anomaly-detection models is a highly challenging task. While the common practices for model validation involve a labeled validation set, such validation sets cannot be constructed when the underlying datasets are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Lihi Idan

The paper explores the industrial multimodal Anomaly Detection (AD) task, which exploits point clouds and RGB images to localize anomalies. We introduce a novel light and fast framework that learns to map features from one modality to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Alex Costanzino , Pierluigi Zama Ramirez , Giuseppe Lisanti , Luigi Di Stefano

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to detect anomalies without labeled data, a necessity in many machine learning applications where anomalous samples are rare or not available. Most state-of-the-art methods fall into two categories:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Nicolas Pinon , Carole Lartizien

Recently, anomaly detection and localization in multimedia data have received significant attention among the machine learning community. In real-world applications such as medical diagnosis and industrial defect detection, anomalies only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Chaoqin Huang , Qinwei Xu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang , Ya Zhang

Anomaly detection (AD) plays a crucial role in time series applications, primarily because time series data is employed across real-world scenarios. Detecting anomalies poses significant challenges since anomalies take diverse forms making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jihan Ghanim , Mariette Awad

Anomaly detection (AD) is a machine learning task that identifies anomalies by learning patterns from normal training data. In many real-world scenarios, anomalies vary in severity, from minor anomalies with little risk to severe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Tri Cao , Minh-Huy Trinh , Ailin Deng , Quoc-Nam Nguyen , Khoa Duong , Ngai-Man Cheung , Bryan Hooi

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) has been widely implemented in industrial and medical applications, which reduces the cost of manual annotation and improves efficiency in disease diagnosis. Recently, deep auto-encoder with its variants…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Mingqing Wang , Jiawei Li , Zhenyang Li , Chengxiao Luo , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia , Zhi Wang

Anomaly detection based on 3D point cloud data is an important research problem and receives more and more attention recently. Untrained anomaly detection based on only one sample is an emerging research problem motivated by real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Juan Du , Dongheng Chen

The practical deployment of Visual Anomaly Detection (VAD) systems is hindered by their sensitivity to real-world imaging variations, particularly the complex interplay between viewpoint and illumination which drastically alters defect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Yunkang Cao , Yuqi Cheng , Xiaohao Xu , Yiheng Zhang , Yihan Sun , Yuxiang Tan , Yuxin Zhang , Xiaonan Huang , Weiming Shen

Though anomaly detection (AD) can be viewed as a classification problem (nominal vs. anomalous) it is usually treated in an unsupervised manner since one typically does not have access to, or it is infeasible to utilize, a dataset that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Lukas Ruff , Robert A. Vandermeulen , Billy Joe Franks , Klaus-Robert Müller , Marius Kloft

Anomaly detection in medical imaging is a challenging task in contexts where abnormalities are not annotated. This problem can be addressed through unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods, which identify features that do not match with…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-07 Geoffroy Oudoumanessah , Carole Lartizien , Michel Dojat , Florence Forbes

Anomaly detection (AD) in a surveillance scenario is an emerging and challenging field of research. For autonomous vehicles like drones or cars, it is immensely important to distinguish between normal and abnormal states in real-time.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Sayeed Shafayet Chowdhury , Kazi Mejbaul Islam , Rouhan Noor