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We describe Qiskit, a software development kit for quantum information science. We discuss the key design decisions that have shaped its development, and examine the software architecture and its core components. We demonstrate an…

Quantum computers are often treated as experimental add-ons that are loosely coupled to classical infrastructure through high-level interpreted languages and cloud-like orchestration. However, future deployments in both, high-performance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-28 Ralf Ramsauer , Wolfgang Mauerer

Operating on the principles of quantum mechanics, quantum algorithms hold the promise for solving problems that are beyond the reach of the best-available classical algorithms. An integral part of realizing such speedup is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Shifan Xu , Connor T. Hann , Ben Foxman , Steven M. Girvin , Yongshan Ding

With recent advances in the development of more powerful quantum computers, the research area of quantum software engineering is emerging, having the goal to provide concepts, principles, and guidelines to develop high-quality quantum…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Benjamin Weder , Johanna Barzen , Frank Leymann , Daniel Vietz

Serverless computing has rapidly grown following the launch of Amazon's Lambda platform. Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) a key enabler of serverless computing allows an application to be decomposed into simple, standalone functions that are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Anshul Jindal , Michael Gerndt , Mohak Chadha , Vladimir Podolskiy , Pengfei Chen

Cloud computing focuses on delivery of reliable, secure, fault-tolerant, sustainable, and scalable infrastructures for hosting Internet-based application services. These applications have different composition, configuration, and deployment…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2009-03-17 Rodrigo N. Calheiros , Rajiv Ranjan , Cesar A. F. De Rose , Rajkumar Buyya

Serverless computing has emerged as a very popular cloud technology, together with its companion Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) programming model enabling invocations of stateless functions from clients. An evolution of serverless is now…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Carlo Puliafito , Claudio Cicconetti , Marco Conti , Enzo Mingozzi , Andrea Passarella

Serverless computing has emerged as a prominent paradigm, with a significant adoption rate among cloud customers. While this model offers advantages such as abstraction from the deployment and resource scheduling, it also poses limitations…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Larissa Schmid , Marcin Copik , Alexandru Calotoiu , Laurin Brandner , Anne Koziolek , Torsten Hoefler

With the emergence of large-scale data-intensive high-performance applications, new I/O challenges appear in the efficient management of petabytes of information in High-Performance Computing (HPC) environments. Data management environments…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Neda Tavakoli , Yong Chen

Quantum computing promises potential for science and industry by solving certain computationally complex problems faster than classical computers. Quantum computing systems evolved from monolithic systems towards modular architectures…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Nishant Saurabh , Shantenu Jha , Andre Luckow

Quantum computers represent a radical technological advancement in the way information is processed by using the principles of quantum mechanics to solve very complex problems that exceed the capabilities of classical systems. However, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Marcos Guillermo Lammers , Federico Hernán Holik , Alejandro Fernández

A widely-used quantum programming paradigm comprises of both the data flow and control flow. Existing quantum hardware cannot well support the control flow, significantly limiting the range of quantum software executable on the hardware. By…

Quantum computers are becoming real, and they have the inherent potential to significantly impact many application domains. We sketch the basics about programming quantum computers, showing that quantum programs are typically hybrid…

Serverless computing is a cloud computing paradigm that allows developers to focus exclusively on business logic as cloud service providers manage resource management tasks. Serverless applications follow this model, where the application…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Anshul Jindal , Mohak Chadha , Shajulin Benedict , Michael Gerndt

Quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML), taken individually or combined into quantum-assisted ML (QML), are ascending computing paradigms whose calculations come with huge potential for speedup, increase in precision, and resource…

Meeting the requirements of future services with time sensitivity and handling sudden load spikes of the services in Fog computing environments are challenging tasks due to the lack of publicly available Fog nodes and their characteristics.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Sudheer Kumar Battula , Saurabh Garg , James Montgomery , Ranesh Naha

Experience from seven decades of classical computing suggests that a sustainable computer industry depends on a community of software engineers writing programs to address a wide variety of specific end-user needs, achieving both…

Serverless computing with cloud functions is quickly gaining adoption, but constrains programmers with its limited support for state management. We introduce a shared file system for cloud functions. It offers familiar POSIX semantics while…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Johann Schleier-Smith , Leonhard Holz , Nathan Pemberton , Joseph M. Hellerstein

Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) has become an increasingly popular way for users to deploy their applications without the burden of managing the underlying infrastructure. However, existing FaaS platforms rely on remote storage to maintain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Francisco Romero , Gohar Irfan Chaudhry , Íñigo Goiri , Pragna Gopa , Paul Batum , Neeraja J. Yadwadkar , Rodrigo Fonseca , Christos Kozyrakis , Ricardo Bianchini

With an increasingly diverse portfolio of quantum backends, the adoption of standardized interfaces has become a key prerequisite for scalable access and interoperability within quantum software stacks. The Quantum Device Management…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Patrick Hopf , Sebastian Stern , Robert Wille , Lukas Burgholzer