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Deep learning models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries inject malicious functionality during training that activates on trigger inputs at inference time. Extensive research has focused on developing stealthy backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jeongjin Shin , Sangdon Park

Recent studies have revealed that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where attackers embed hidden backdoors in the DNN model by poisoning a few training samples. The attacked model behaves normally on benign…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Kunzhe Huang , Yiming Li , Baoyuan Wu , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Pre-trained large deep learning models are now serving as the dominant component for downstream middleware users and have revolutionized the learning paradigm, replacing the traditional approach of training from scratch locally. To reduce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Yisong Xiao , Aishan Liu , Xinwei Zhang , Tianyuan Zhang , Tianlin Li , Siyuan Liang , Xianglong Liu , Yang Liu , Dacheng Tao

Gaze estimation models are widely used in applications such as driver attention monitoring and human-computer interaction. While many methods for gaze estimation exist, they rely heavily on data-hungry deep learning to achieve high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Lingyu Du , Yupei Liu , Jinyuan Jia , Guohao Lan

Deep learning models for image classification have become standard tools in recent years. A well known vulnerability of these models is their susceptibility to adversarial examples. These are generated by slightly altering an image of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Haim Fisher , Moni Shahar , Yehezkel S. Resheff

Due to the high cost of training, large model (LM) practitioners commonly use pretrained models downloaded from untrusted sources, which could lead to owning compromised models. In-context learning is the ability of LMs to perform multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Gorka Abad , Stjepan Picek , Lorenzo Cavallaro , Aitor Urbieta

Multimodal contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for building high-quality features using the complementary strengths of various data modalities. However, the open nature of such systems inadvertently increases the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Siyuan Liang , Kuanrong Liu , Jiajun Gong , Jiawei Liang , Yuan Xun , Ee-Chien Chang , Xiaochun Cao

Deep regression models are used in a wide variety of safety-critical applications, but are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Although many defenses have been proposed for classification models, they are ineffective as they do not consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Lingyu Du , Yupei Liu , Jinyuan Jia , Guohao Lan

The proliferation of malicious deepfake applications has ignited substantial public apprehension, casting a shadow of doubt upon the integrity of digital media. Despite the development of proficient deepfake detection mechanisms, they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Hong Sun , Ziqiang Li , Lei Liu , Bin Li

Face recognition systems are robust against environmental changes and noise, and thus may be vulnerable to illegal authentication attempts using user face photos, such as spoofing attacks. To prevent such spoofing attacks, it is crucial to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Shota Iwamatsu , Koichi Ito , Takafumi Aoki

Deep neural networks (DNN), despite their remarkable performance, are highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing defenses mainly rely on activation anomaly analysis or trigger reverse engineering and often require clean samples or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yinbo Yu , Jing Fang , Xuewen Zhang , Chunwei Tian , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang , Jiajia Liu

Training deep neural networks (DNNs) usually requires massive training data and computational resources. Users who cannot afford this may prefer to outsource training to a third party or resort to publicly available pre-trained models.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Najeeb Moharram Jebreel , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Yiming Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are susceptible to backdoor attacks, where malicious functionality is embedded to allow attackers to trigger incorrect classifications. Old-school backdoor attacks use strong trigger features that can easily be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Huming Qiu , Junjie Sun , Mi Zhang , Xudong Pan , Min Yang

Recently, advanced NLP models have seen a surge in the usage of various applications. This raises the security threats of the released models. In addition to the clean models' unintentional weaknesses, {\em i.e.,} adversarial attacks, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Lichao Sun

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely used in many areas such as autonomous driving and face recognition. However, DNN model is fragile to backdoor attack. A backdoor in the DNN model can be activated by a poisoned input with trigger…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Qi Zhou , Zipeng Ye , Yubo Tang , Wenjian Luo , Yuhui Shi , Yan Jia

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to deep learning models by allowing adversaries to implant hidden behaviors that remain dormant on clean inputs but are maliciously triggered at inference. Existing backdoor attack methods typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lijie Hu , Junchi Liao , Weimin Lyu , Shaopeng Fu , Tianhao Huang , Shu Yang , Guimin Hu , Di Wang

Backdoor attacks impose a new threat in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), where a backdoor is inserted into the neural network by poisoning the training dataset, misclassifying inputs that contain the adversary trigger. The major challenge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Yue Wang , Wenqing Li , Esha Sarkar , Muhammad Shafique , Michail Maniatakos , Saif Eddin Jabari

We demonstrate a backdoor attack on a deep neural network used for regression. The backdoor attack is localized based on training-set data poisoning wherein the mislabeled samples are surrounded by correctly labeled ones. We demonstrate how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Xi Li , George Kesidis , David J. Miller , Vladimir Lucic

Deep learning models are widely deployed in various applications but remain vulnerable to stealthy adversarial threats, particularly backdoor attacks. Backdoor models trained on poisoned datasets behave normally with clean inputs but cause…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Chengrui Sun , Hua Zhang , Haoran Gao , Shang Wang , Zian Tian , Jianjin Zhao , Qi Li , Hongliang Zhu , Zongliang Shen , Anmin Fu

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to the training process of deep neural networks (DNNs). As a widely-used DNN-based application in real-world scenarios, face recognition systems once implanted into the backdoor, may cause serious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Ming Sun , Lihua Jing , Zixuan Zhu , Rui Wang
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