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Model checking is a key technique for verifying safety-critical systems against formal specifications, where recent applications of deep learning have shown promise. However, while ubiquitous for vision and language domains, representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Vladimir Krsmanovic , Matthias Cosler , Mohamed Ghanem , Bernd Finkbeiner

Reliable detection of anomalies is crucial when deploying machine learning models in practice, but remains challenging due to the lack of labeled data. To tackle this challenge, contrastive learning approaches are becoming increasingly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Puck de Haan , Sindy Löwe

Deep Learning (DL) models to analyze source code have shown immense promise during the past few years. More recently, self-supervised pre-training has gained traction for learning generic code representations valuable for many downstream SE…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yangruibo Ding , Saikat Chakraborty , Luca Buratti , Saurabh Pujar , Alessandro Morari , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Contrastive vision-language models such as CLIP have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of multimodal tasks by learning from aligned image-text pairs. However, their ability to handle complex, real-world web documents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yiqi Lin , Alex Jinpeng Wang , Linjie Li , Zhengyuan Yang , Mike Zheng Shou

Existing rumor detection methods often neglect the content within images as well as the inherent relationships between contexts and images across different visual scales, thereby resulting in the loss of critical information pertinent to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Bin Ma , Yifei Zhang , Yongjin Xian , Qi Li , Linna Zhou , Gongxun Miao

Multimodal multilabel classification (MMC) is a challenging task that aims to design a learning algorithm to handle two data sources, the image and text, and learn a comprehensive semantic feature presentation across the modalities. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yanming Guo

Contrastive learning is a well-established paradigm in representation learning. The standard framework of contrastive learning minimizes the distance between "similar" instances and maximizes the distance between dissimilar ones in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Naghmeh Ghanooni , Barbod Pajoum , Harshit Rawal , Sophie Fellenz , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Marius Kloft

We introduce Contrastive Region Masking (CRM), a training free diagnostic that reveals how multimodal large language models (MLLMs) depend on specific visual regions at each step of chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. Unlike prior approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Isha Chaturvedi , Anjana Nair , Yushen Li , Adhitya Rajendra Kumar , Kevin Zhu , Sunishchal Dev , Ashwinee Panda , Vasu Sharma

The use of ML in cybersecurity has long been impaired by generalization issues: Models that work well in controlled scenarios fail to maintain performance in production. The root cause often lies in ML algorithms learning superficial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jianan Huang , Rodolfo V. Valentim , Luca Vassio , Matteo Boffa , Marco Mellia , Idilio Drago , Dario Rossi

We study cost-aware routing for large language models across diverse and dynamic pools of models. Existing approaches often overlook prompt-specific context, rely on expensive model profiling, assume a fixed set of experts, or use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Reza Shirkavand , Shangqian Gao , Peiran Yu , Heng Huang

Multi-party dialogues, common in collaborative scenarios like brainstorming sessions and negotiations, pose significant challenges due to their complexity and diverse speaker roles. Current methods often use graph neural networks to model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhongtian Hu , Qi He , Ronghan Li , Meng Zhao , Lifang Wang

Contrastive learning is a powerful framework for learning self-supervised representations that generalize well to downstream supervised tasks. We show that multiple existing contrastive learning methods can be reinterpreted as learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Daniel D. Johnson , Ayoub El Hanchi , Chris J. Maddison

Recent years have witnessed increasing interest in code representation learning, which aims to represent the semantics of source code into distributed vectors. Currently, various works have been proposed to represent the complex semantics…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Xin Wang , Yasheng Wang , Yao Wan , Jiawei Wang , Pingyi Zhou , Li Li , Hao Wu , Jin Liu

Most studies focused on information retrieval-based techniques for fault localization, which built representations for bug reports and source code files and matched their semantic vectors through similarity measurement. However, such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chunying Zhou , Xiaoyuan Xie , Gong Chen , Peng He , Bing Li

As a representative self-supervised method, contrastive learning has achieved great successes in unsupervised training of representations. It trains an encoder by distinguishing positive samples from negative ones given query anchors. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Xiao Wang , Yuhang Huang , Dan Zeng , Guo-Jun Qi

Existing multilingual machine translation approaches mainly focus on English-centric directions, while the non-English directions still lag behind. In this work, we aim to build a many-to-many translation system with an emphasis on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Xiao Pan , Mingxuan Wang , Liwei Wu , Lei Li

Contrastive learning is a powerful technique to learn representations that are semantically distinctive and geometrically invariant. While most of the earlier approaches have demonstrated its effectiveness on single-modality learning tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Anurag Jain , Yashaswi Verma

Code search aims to retrieve the code snippet that highly matches the given query described in natural language. Recently, many code pre-training approaches have demonstrated impressive performance on code search. However, existing code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Yubo Zhang , Yanfang Liu , Xinxin Fan , Yunfeng Lu

Multimodal Contrastive Learning (MCL) advances in aligning different modalities and generating multimodal representations in a joint space. By leveraging contrastive learning across diverse modalities, large-scale multimodal data enhances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xiaohao Liu , Xiaobo Xia , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

The recent emergence of contrastive learning approaches facilitates the application on graph representation learning (GRL), introducing graph contrastive learning (GCL) into the literature. These methods contrast semantically similar and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Ganqu Cui , Yufeng Du , Cheng Yang , Jie Zhou , Liang Xu , Xing Zhou , Xingyi Cheng , Zhiyuan Liu