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We characterize classes of graphs closed under taking vertex-minors and having no $P_n$ and no disjoint union of $n$ copies of the $1$-subdivision of $K_{1,n}$ for some $n$. Our characterization is described in terms of a tree of radius $2$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-19 O-joung Kwon , Sang-il Oum

We derive precise asymptotic estimates for the number of labelled graphs not containing $K_{3,3}$ as a minor, and also for those which are edge maximal. Additionally, we establish limit laws for parameters in random $K_{3,3}$-minor-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-01 S. Gerke , O. Gimenez , M. Noy , A. Weissl

A fundamental result of Mader from 1972 asserts that a graph of high average degree contains a highly connected subgraph with roughly the same average degree. We prove a lemma showing that one can strengthen Mader's result by replacing the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-21 Asaf Shapira , Benny Sudakov

Every minor-closed class of matroids of bounded branch-width can be characterized by a list of excluded minors, but unlike graphs, this list may need to be infinite in general. However, for each fixed finite field $\mathbb F$, the list…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Mamadou Mostapha Kanté , Eun Jung Kim , O-joung Kwon , Sang-il Oum

We study the quantum query complexity of minor-closed graph properties, which include such problems as determining whether an $n$-vertex graph is planar, is a forest, or does not contain a path of a given length. We show that most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-05-20 Andrew M. Childs , Robin Kothari

Lettericity is a graph parameter responsible for many attractive structural properties. In particular, graphs of bounded lettericity have bounded linear clique-width and they are well-quasi-ordered by induced subgraphs. The latter property…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Bogdan Alecu , Mamadou Moustapha Kanté , Vadim Lozin , Viktor Zamaraev

We prove that for every tree $T$ of radius $h$, there is an integer $c$ such that every $T$-minor-free graph is contained in $H\boxtimes K_c$ for some graph $H$ with pathwidth at most $2h-1$. This is a qualitative strengthening of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-09 Vida Dujmović , Robert Hickingbotham , Gwenaël Joret , Piotr Micek , Pat Morin , David R. Wood

We show that a graph contains a large wall as a strong immersion minor if and only if the graph does not admit a tree-cut decomposition of small `width', which is measured in terms of its adhesion and the path-likeness of its torsos.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Reinhard Diestel , Raphael W. Jacobs , Paul Knappe , Paul Wollan

Metric dimension is a graph parameter that has been applied to robot navigation and finding low-dimensional vector embeddings. Throttling entails minimizing the sum of two available resources when solving certain graph problems. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Boris Brimkov , Peter Diao , Jesse Geneson , Carolyn Reinhart , Shen-Fu Tsai , William Wang , Kyle Worley

A "folklore conjecture, probably due to Tutte" (as described in [P.D. Seymour, Sums of circuits, Graph theory and related topics (Proc. Conf., Univ. Waterloo, 1977), pp. 341-355, Academic Press, 1979]) asserts that every bridgeless cubic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-01-14 Bojan Mohar

We introduce a simple method for proving lower bounds for the size of the smallest percolating set in a certain graph bootstrap process. We apply this method to determine the sizes of the smallest percolating sets in multidimensional tori…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Lianna Hambardzumyan , Hamed Hatami , Yingjie Qian

The sorting number of a graph with $n$ vertices is the minimum depth of a sorting network with $n$ inputs and outputs that uses only the edges of the graph to perform comparisons. Many known results on sorting networks can be stated in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Indranil Banerjee , Dana Richards , Igor Shinkar

We show that for any natural number $s$, there is a constant $\gamma$ and a subgraph-closed class having, for any natural $n$, at most $\gamma^n$ graphs on $n$ vertices up to isomorphism, but no adjacency labeling scheme with labels of size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Édouard Bonnet , Julien Duron , John Sylvester , Viktor Zamaraev , Maksim Zhukovskii

We investigate Hadwiger's conjecture for graphs with no stable set of size 3. Such a graph on at least 2t-1 vertices is not t-1 colorable, so is conjectured to have a $K_t$ minor. There is a strengthening of Hadwiger's conjecture in this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonah Blasiak

The Local Structure Theorem (LST) for Graph Minors roughly states that for every $H$-minor-free graph $G$ that contains a sufficiently large wall $W$, there is a small vertex subset $A,$ whose removal yields a graph that admits an "almost…

We provide proofs certifying that the structure theorem for vertex sets of bounded bidimensionality holds with polynomial bounds. The bidimensionality of vertex sets is a common generalisation of both treewidth and the face-cover-number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Maximilian Gorsky , Evangelos Protopapas , Sebastian Wiederrecht

The problem of determining whether a graph $G$ contains another graph $H$ as a minor, referred to as the minor containment problem, is a fundamental problem in the field of graph algorithms. While it is NP-complete when $G$ and $H$ are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Tatsuya Gima , Soh Kumabe , Kazuhiro Kurita , Yuto Okada , Yota Otachi

We show that there is a constant c>0 so that for any fixed r which is at least 3 a.a.s. an r-regular graph on n vertices contains a complete graph on c n^{1/2} vertices as a minor. This confirms a conjecture of Markstrom. Since any minor of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-03-21 N. Fountoulakis , D. Kühn , D. Osthus

An immersion of a graph $H$ into a graph $G$ is a one-to-one mapping $f:V(H) \to V(G)$ and a collection of edge-disjoint paths in $G$, one for each edge of $H$, such that the path $P_{uv}$ corresponding to edge $uv$ has endpoints $f(u)$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-01-14 Matt DeVos , Zdeněk Dvořák , Jacob Fox , Jessica McDonald , Bojan Mohar , Diego Scheide

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a complete $n$-vertex graph with distinct positive edge weights. We prove that for $k\in\{1,2,...,n-1\}$, the set consisting of the edges of all minimum spanning trees (MSTs) over induced subgraphs of $G$ with $n-k+1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregory B. Sorkin , Angelika Steger , Rico Zenklusen