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Running quantum programs is fraught with challenges on on today's noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Many of these challenges originate from the error characteristics that stem from rapid decoherence and noise during…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Ellis Wilson , Sudhakar Singh , Frank Mueller

Quantum error correction protocols have been developed to offset the high sensitivity to noise inherent in quantum systems. However, much is still unknown about the behaviour of a quantum error-correcting code under general noise, including…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Stefanie J. Beale , Joel J. Wallman

For quantum computers to successfully solve real-world problems, it is necessary to tackle the challenge of noise: the errors which occur in elementary physical components due to unwanted or imperfect interactions. The theory of quantum…

Noise dominates every aspect of near-term quantum computers, rendering it exceedingly difficult to carry out even small computations. In this paper we are concerned with the modelling of noise in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-20 Konstantinos Georgopoulos , Clive Emary , Paolo Zuliani

The most common error models for quantum computers assume the independence of errors on different qubits. However, most noise mechanisms have some correlations in space. We show how to improve quantum information processing for few-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Vickram N. Premakumar , Robert Joynt

Quantum systems are inherently susceptible to noise -- a notorious factor that induces decoherence and limits the performance of quantum applications. To mitigate its detrimental effects, various techniques have been developed, including…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Yu-Bo Hou , Xiaoan Ai , Ruizhe You , Changchun Zhong

Quantum Error Mitigation (QEM) enables the extraction of high-quality results from the presently-available noisy quantum computers. In this approach, the effect of the noise on observables of interest can be mitigated using multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Ivan Henao , Jader P. Santos , Raam Uzdin

As quantum circuits become more integrated and complex, additional error sources that were previously insignificant start to emerge. Consequently, the fidelity of quantum gates benchmarked under pristine conditions falls short of predicting…

Quantum processing units boost entanglement at the level of hardware and enable physical simulations of highly correlated electron states in molecules and intermolecular chemical bonds. The variational quantum eigensolver provides a…

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are a promising application for near-term quantum processors, however the quality of their results is greatly limited by noise. For this reason, various error mitigation techniques have emerged to deal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-19 George S. Barron , Christopher J. Wood

Reducing measurement errors in multi-qubit quantum devices is critical for performing any quantum algorithm. Here we show how to mitigate measurement errors by a classical post-processing of the measured outcomes. Our techniques apply to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Sergey Bravyi , Sarah Sheldon , Abhinav Kandala , David C. Mckay , Jay M. Gambetta

Accurate modeling of noise in realistic quantum processors is critical for constructing fault-tolerant quantum computers. While a full simulation of actual noisy quantum circuits provides information about correlated noise among all qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 F. Setiawan , Alexander V. Gramolin , Elisha S. Matekole , Hari Krovi , Jacob M. Taylor

The utility of near-term quantum computers and simulators is likely to rely upon software-hardware co-design, with error-aware algorithms and protocols optimized for the platforms they are run on. Here, we show how knowledge of noise in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Kushal Seetharam , Dries Sels , Eugene Demler

Noise is an important factor that influences the reliability of information acquisition, transmission, processing, and storage. In order to suppress the inevitable noise effects, a fault-tolerant information processing approach via quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Qi Song , Hongjing Li , Chengxi Yu , Jingzheng Huang , Ding Wang , Peng Huang , Guihua Zeng

The quantum computing devices of today have tens to hundreds of qubits that are highly susceptible to noise due to unwanted interactions with their environment. The theory of quantum error correction provides a scheme by which the effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Akshaya Jayashankar , Prabha Mandayam

Recent technological developments have focused the interest of the quantum computing community on investigating how near-term devices could outperform classical computers for practical applications. A central question that remains open is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 Daniel Stilck Franca , Raul Garcia-Patron

Error-correcting codes were invented to correct errors on noisy communication channels. Quantum error correction (QEC), however, may have a wider range of uses, including information transmission, quantum simulation/computation, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-05 Ningping Cao , Junan Lin , David Kribs , Yiu-Tung Poon , Bei Zeng , Raymond Laflamme

Overcoming the influence of noise and imperfections in quantum devices is one of the main challenges for viable quantum applications. In this article, we present different protocols, which we denote as "superposed quantum error mitigation",…

Previous studies in quantum information have recognized that specific types of noise can encode information in certain applications. However, the role of noise in Quantum Hypothesis Testing (QHT), traditionally assumed to undermine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Qing Li , Lingna Wang , Min Jiang , Ze Wu , Haidong Yuan , Xinhua Peng

Quantum kernel methods have been widely recognized as one of promising quantum machine learning algorithms that have potential to achieve quantum advantages. In this paper, we theoretically characterize the power of noisy quantum kernels…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-01 Yabo Wang , Bo Qi , Xin Wang , Tongliang Liu , Daoyi Dong