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Write disturbance error (WDE) appears as a serious reliability problem preventing phase-change memory (PCM) from general commercialization, and therefore several studies have been proposed to mitigate WDEs. Verify-and-correction (VnC)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Hyokeun Lee , Seungyong Lee , Byeongki Song , Moonsoo Kim , Seokbo Shim , Hyuk-Jae Lee , Hyun Kim

While non-volatile memories (NVMs) provide several desirable characteristics like better density and comparable energy efficiency than DRAM, DRAM-like performance, and disk-like durability, the limited endurance NVMs manifest remains a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Yi Zheng , Aasheesh Kolli , Shaizeen Aga

Systems that require high-throughput and fault tolerance, such as key-value stores and databases, are looking to persistent memory to combine the performance of in-memory systems with the data-consistent fault-tolerance of nonvolatile…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Brian Choi , Parv Saxena , Ryan Huang , Randal Burns

Oblivious RAM (ORAM) is a provable secure primitive to prevent access pattern leakage on the memory bus. It serves as the intermediate layer between the trusted on-chip components and the untrusted external memory systems to modulate the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Gang Liu , Kenli Li , Zheng Xiao , Rujia Wang

In recent years, there is an increasing demand of big memory systems so to perform large scale data analytics. Since DRAM memories are expensive, some researchers are suggesting to use other memory systems such as non-volatile memory (NVM)…

Performance · Computer Science 2016-10-03 Gaoying Ju , Yongkun Li , Yinlong Xu , Jiqiang Chen , John C. S. Lui

I/O latency and throughput is one of the major performance bottlenecks for disk-based database systems. Upcoming persistent memory (PMem) technologies, like Intel's Optane DC Persistent Memory Modules, promise to bridge the gap between…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Alexander van Renen , Lukas Vogel , Viktor Leis , Thomas Neumann , Alfons Kemper

The advent of CPU-attached persistent memory technology, such as Intel's Optane Persistent Memory Modules (PMM), has brought with it new opportunities for storage. In 2018, IBM Research Almaden began investigating and developing a new…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Daniel Waddington , Clem Dickey , Moshik Hershcovitch , Sangeetha Seshadri

Even with generational improvements in DRAM technology, memory access latency still remains the major bottleneck for application accelerators, primarily due to limitations in memory interface IPs which cannot fully account for variations in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Sasindu Wijeratne , Sanket Pattnaik , Zhiyu Chen , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Emerging non-volatile main memory (NVRAM) technologies provide byte-addressability, low idle power, and improved memory-density, and are likely to be a key component in the future memory hierarchy. However, a critical challenge in achieving…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Guy E. Blleloch , Yan Gu

We can use a hybrid memory system consisting of DRAM and Intel Optane DC Persistent Memory (We call it DCPM in this paper) as DCPM is now commercially available since April 2019. Even if the latency for DCPM is several times higher than…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Kazuichi Oe

Byte-addressable non-volatile main memory (NVM) demands transactional mechanisms to access and manipulate data on NVM atomically. Those transaction mechanisms often employ a logging mechanism (undo logging or redo logging). However, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Kai Wu , Jie Ren , Dong Li

Persistent Memory (PMEM), also known as Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), can deliver higher density and lower cost per bit when compared with DRAM. Its main drawback is that it is typically slower than DRAM. On the other hand, DRAM has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Diego Moura , Vinicius Petrucci , Daniel Mosse

The present von Neumann computing paradigm involves a significant amount of information transfer between a central processing unit (CPU) and memory, with concomitant limitations in the actual execution speed. However, it has been recently…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-07-03 Fabio Lorenzo Traversa , Fabrizio Bonani , Yuriy V. Pershin , Massimiliano Di Ventra

The emergence of high-density byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) is promising to accelerate data- and compute-intensive applications. Current NVM technologies have lower performance than DRAM and, thus, are often paired with DRAM in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Ivy Peng , Kai Wu , Jie Ren , Dong Li , Maya Gokhale

Caching is crucial for enabling high-throughput networks for data intensive applications. Traditional caching technology relies on DRAM, as it can transfer data at a high rate. However, DRAM capacity is subject to contention by most system…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Faruk Volkan Mutlu , Edmund Yeh

Repeated off-chip memory accesses to DRAM drive up operating power for data-intensive applications, and SRAM technology scaling and leakage power limits the efficiency of embedded memories. Future on-chip storage will need higher density…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Lillian Pentecost , Alexander Hankin , Marco Donato , Mark Hempstead , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

The number and diversity of consumer devices are growing rapidly, alongside their target applications' memory consumption. Unfortunately, DRAM scalability is becoming a limiting factor to the available memory capacity in consumer devices.…

The rapid development of multi-core system and increase of data-intensive application in recent years call for larger main memory. Traditional DRAM memory can increase its capacity by reducing the feature size of storage cell. Now further…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Shenchen Ruan , Haixia Wang , Dongsheng Wang

Typical large-scale recommender systems use deep learning models that are stored on a large amount of DRAM. These models often rely on embeddings, which consume most of the required memory. We present Bandana, a storage system that reduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Assaf Eisenman , Maxim Naumov , Darryl Gardner , Misha Smelyanskiy , Sergey Pupyrev , Kim Hazelwood , Asaf Cidon , Sachin Katti

Persistent or Non Volatile Memory (PMEM or NVM) has recently become commercially available under several configurations with different purposes and goals. Despite the attention to the topic, we are not aware of a comprehensive empirical…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Dimitrios Koutsoukos , Raghav Bhartia , Ana Klimovic , Gustavo Alonso