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Let $p$ be a prime, let $1 \le t < d < p$ be integers, and let $S$ be a non-empty subset of $\mathbb{F}_p$. We establish that if a polynomial $P:\mathbb{F}_p^n \to \mathbb{F}_p$ with degree $d$ is such that the image $P(S^n)$ does not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Thomas Karam

Given a separable nonconstant polynomial $f(x)$ with integer coefficients, we consider the set $S$ consisting of the squarefree parts of all the rational values of $f(x)$, and study its behavior modulo primes. Fixing a prime $p$, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-21 David Krumm

We prove the classical result, which goes back at least to Fourier, that a polynomial with real coefficients has all zeros real and distinct if and only if the polynomial and also all of its nonconstant derivatives have only negative minima…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-10-30 David W. Farmer

The literature on quaternionic polynomials and, in particular, on methods for determining and classifying their zero-sets, is fast developing and reveals a growing interest on this subject. In contrast, polynomials defined over the algebra…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-20 M. Irene Falcão , Fernando Miranda , Ricardo Severino , M. Joana Soares

This paper studies the structure of core sets under different similarity classes. We investigate the influence of factors of the minimal polynomial with different degrees on the structure of core sets. When $F$ is a finite field of prime…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Hongyu Wang , Yizhi Zhang

The zero sets of harmonic polynomials play a crucial role in the study of the free boundary regularity problem for harmonic measure. In order to understand the fine structure of these free boundaries a detailed study of the singular points…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Matthew Badger , Max Engelstein , Tatiana Toro

In this paper, we study polynomial-like elements in vector spaces equipped with group actions. We first define these elements via iterated difference operators. In the case of a full rank lattice acting on an Euclidean space, these…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-08-13 Minh Kha , Vladimir Lin

We present some results on the existence and nonexistence of centers for polynomial first order ordinary differential equations with complex coefficients. In particular, we show that binomial differential equations without linear terms do…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. A. M. Alwash

We introduce a canonical notion of entropy for polynomials analogue to that of random variables in probability. We prove that entropy increases smoothly with respect to finite free addition. In particular we get the new inequality : $…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-11-07 Aurelien Gribinski

Given a polynomial $f$ with coefficients in a field of prime characteristic $p$, it is known that there exists a differential operator that raises $1/f$ to its $p$th power. We first discuss a relation between the `level' of this…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Alberto F. Boix , Marc Paul Noordman , Jaap Top

Given a polynomial f(z) = z^d + c over a global field K and a_0 in K, we study the density of prime ideals of K dividing at least one element of the orbit of a_0 under f. The density of such sets for linear polynomials has attracted much…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-18 Spencer Hamblen , Rafe Jones , Kalyani Madhu

The main purpose of this paper is solve polynomial equations that are satisfied by (generalized) polynomials. More exactly, we deal with the following problem: let $\mathbb{F}$ be a field with $\mathrm{char}(\mathbb{F})=0$ and $P\in…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-09-08 Eszter Gselmann

In this note we aim to give a new, elementary proof of a statement that was first proved by Timofte. It says that a symmetric real polynomial $F$ of degree $d$ in $n$ variables is positive on $\R^n$ (on $\R^{n}_{\geq 0}$) if and only if it…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-03-22 Cordian Riener

The interplay among the time-evolution of the coefficients and the zeros of a generic time-dependent (monic) polynomial provides a convenient tool to identify certain classes of solvable dynamical systems. Recently this tool has been…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Francesco Calogero , Farrin Payandeh

In [Jalowy, Kabluchko, Marynych, arXiv:2504.11593v1, 2025], the authors discuss a user-friendly approach to determine the limiting empirical zero distribution of a sequence of real-rooted polynomials, as the degree goes to $\infty$. In this…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Jonas Jalowy , Zakhar Kabluchko , Alexander Marynych

Let $\MP_d$ denote the space of polynomials $f: \C \to \C$ of degree $d\geq 2$, modulo conjugation by $\Aut(\C)$. Using properties of polynomial trees (as introduced in [DM, math.DS/0608759]), we show that if $f_n$ is a divergent sequence…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Laura DeMarco

The paper determines all meromorphic functions with finitely many zeros in the plane having the property that a linear differential polynomial in the function, of order at least 3 and with rational functions as coefficients, also has…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2018-02-05 J. K. Langley

For a univariate real polynomial without zero coefficients, Descartes' rule of signs (completed by an observation of Fourier) says that its numbers $pos$ of positive and $neg$ of negative roots (counted with multiplicity) are majorized…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Hassen Cheriha , Yousra Gati , Vladimir Petrov Kostov

We study a function field version of a classical problem concerning square-free values of polynomials evaluated at primes. We show that for a square-free polynomial $f\in \mathbb{F}_q[t][x]$, there is a limiting density as $n\to \infty$ of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-02 Guy Lando

We show that for a real transcendental meromorphic function f, the differential polynomial f'+f^m with m > 4 has infinitely many non-real zeros. Similar results are obtained for differential polynomials f'f^m-1. We specially investigate the…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2008-08-08 W. Bergweiler , A. Eremenko , J. Langley