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Understanding whether self-supervised learning methods can scale with unlimited data is crucial for training large-scale models. In this work, we conduct an empirical study on the scaling capability of masked image modeling (MIM) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Cheng-Ze Lu , Xiaojie Jin , Qibin Hou , Jun Hao Liew , Ming-Ming Cheng , Jiashi Feng

Learning robust and scalable visual representations from massive multi-view video data remains a challenge in computer vision and autonomous driving. Existing pre-training methods either rely on expensive supervised learning with 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jialv Zou , Bencheng Liao , Qian Zhang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Remote sensing scene classification has been extensively studied for its critical roles in geological survey, oil exploration, traffic management, earthquake prediction, wildfire monitoring, and intelligence monitoring. In the past, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Liya Wang , Alex Tien

We introduce MIM (Masked Image Modeling)-Refiner, a contrastive learning boost for pre-trained MIM models. MIM-Refiner is motivated by the insight that strong representations within MIM models generally reside in intermediate layers.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Benedikt Alkin , Lukas Miklautz , Sepp Hochreiter , Johannes Brandstetter

We present a comparative study on how and why contrastive learning (CL) and masked image modeling (MIM) differ in their representations and in their performance of downstream tasks. In particular, we demonstrate that self-supervised Vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Namuk Park , Wonjae Kim , Byeongho Heo , Taekyung Kim , Sangdoo Yun

Recently, masked image modeling (MIM) has become a promising direction for visual pre-training. In the context of vision transformers, MIM learns effective visual representation by aligning the token-level features with a pre-defined space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Longhui Wei , Lingxi Xie , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li , Qi Tian

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has achieved significant success in the realm of self-supervised learning (SSL) for visual recognition. The image encoder pre-trained through MIM, involving the masking and subsequent reconstruction of input…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Zheng Li , Xinlei He , Ning Yu , Yang Zhang

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) is a powerful self-supervised strategy for visual pre-training without the use of labels. MIM applies random crops to input images, processes them with an encoder, and then recovers the masked inputs with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Maryam Haghighat , Peyman Moghadam , Shaheer Mohamed , Piotr Koniusz

In vision-language pre-training (VLP), masked image modeling (MIM) has recently been introduced for fine-grained cross-modal alignment. However, in most existing methods, the reconstruction targets for MIM lack high-level semantics, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Haowei Liu , Yaya Shi , Haiyang Xu , Chunfeng Yuan , Qinghao Ye , Chenliang Li , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

The Vision Transformer (ViT) has demonstrated remarkable performance in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) for 3D medical image analysis. Masked AutoEncoder (MAE) for feature pre-training can further unleash the potential of ViT on various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Jiaxin Zhuang , Linshan Wu , Qiong Wang , Peng Fei , Varut Vardhanabhuti , Lin Luo , Hao Chen

Masked image modeling (MIM) has become a prevalent pre-training setup for vision foundation models and attains promising performance. Despite its success, existing MIM methods discard the decoder network during downstream applications,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Qi Han , Yuxuan Cai , Xiangyu Zhang

Vision-and-Language Pre-training (VLP) improves model performance for downstream tasks that require image and text inputs. Current VLP approaches differ on (i) model architecture (especially image embedders), (ii) loss functions, and (iii)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Tarik Arici , Mehmet Saygin Seyfioglu , Tal Neiman , Yi Xu , Son Train , Trishul Chilimbi , Belinda Zeng , Ismail Tutar

In this work, we survey recent studies on masked image modeling (MIM), an approach that emerged as a powerful self-supervised learning technique in computer vision. The MIM task involves masking some information, e.g. pixels, patches, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Vlad Hondru , Florinel Alin Croitoru , Shervin Minaee , Radu Tudor Ionescu , Nicu Sebe

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has emerged as a promising approach for Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) of visual representations. However, the out-of-the-box performance of MIMs is typically inferior to competing approaches. Most users cannot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Marcin Przewięźlikowski , Randall Balestriero , Wojciech Jasiński , Marek Śmieja , Bartosz Zieliński

Masked image modeling (MIM) has become a leading self-supervised learning strategy. MIMs such as Masked Autoencoder (MAE) learn strong representations by randomly masking input tokens for the encoder to process, with the decoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Taekyung Kim , Sanghyuk Chun , Byeongho Heo , Dongyoon Han

Masked image modeling (MIM) with transformer backbones has recently been exploited as a powerful self-supervised pre-training technique. The existing MIM methods adopt the strategy to mask random patches of the image and reconstruct the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Zhaohu Xing , Lei Zhu , Lequan Yu , Zhiheng Xing , Liang Wan

This paper presents SimMIM, a simple framework for masked image modeling. We simplify recently proposed related approaches without special designs such as block-wise masking and tokenization via discrete VAE or clustering. To study what let…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Zhenda Xie , Zheng Zhang , Yue Cao , Yutong Lin , Jianmin Bao , Zhuliang Yao , Qi Dai , Han Hu

We present an approach to efficiently and effectively adapt a masked image modeling (MIM) pre-trained vanilla Vision Transformer (ViT) for object detection, which is based on our two novel observations: (i) A MIM pre-trained vanilla ViT…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Yuxin Fang , Shusheng Yang , Shijie Wang , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Xinggang Wang

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has emerged as a powerful self-supervised learning paradigm for visual representation learning, enabling models to acquire rich visual representations by predicting masked portions of images from their visible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Jinhong Lin , Cheng-En Wu , Huanran Li , Jifan Zhang , Yu Hen Hu , Pedro Morgado

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) techniques have redefined the landscape of computer vision, enabling pre-trained models to achieve exceptional performance across a broad spectrum of tasks. Despite their success, the full potential of MIM-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Sumin Son , Hyesong Choi , Dongbo Min