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POMDPs capture a broad class of decision making problems, but hardness results suggest that learning is intractable even in simple settings due to the inherent partial observability. However, in many realistic problems, more information is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Jonathan N. Lee , Alekh Agarwal , Christoph Dann , Tong Zhang

We present an efficient reinforcement learning algorithm that learns the optimal admission control policy in a partially observable queueing network. Specifically, only the arrival and departure times from the network are observable, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Jonatha Anselmi , Bruno Gaujal , Louis-Sébastien Rebuffi

In order to train agents that can quickly adapt to new objectives or reward functions, efficient unsupervised representation learning in sequential decision-making environments can be important. Frameworks such as the Exogenous Block Markov…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Alexander Levine , Peter Stone , Amy Zhang

Event-triggered control (ETC) methods can achieve high-performance control with a significantly lower number of samples compared to usual, time-triggered methods. These frameworks are often based on a mathematical model of the system and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Dominik Baumann , Jia-Jie Zhu , Georg Martius , Sebastian Trimpe

Model predictive control (MPC) is increasingly being considered for control of fast systems and embedded applications. However, the MPC has some significant challenges for such systems. Its high computational complexity results in high…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Eivind Bøhn , Sebastien Gros , Signe Moe , Tor Arne Johansen

Many real-world reinforcement learning problems have a hierarchical nature, and often exhibit some degree of partial observability. While hierarchy and partial observability are usually tackled separately (for instance by combining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-13 Denis Steckelmacher , Diederik M. Roijers , Anna Harutyunyan , Peter Vrancx , Hélène Plisnier , Ann Nowé

Event-triggered model predictive control (eMPC) is a popular optimal control method with an aim to alleviate the computation and/or communication burden of MPC. However, it generally requires priori knowledge of the closed-loop system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Fengying Dang , Dong Chen , Jun Chen , Zhaojian Li

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are a general framework for sequential decision-making under latent state uncertainty, yet learning in POMDPs is intractable in the worst case. Motivated by sensing and probing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ming Shi , Yingbin Liang , Ness B. Shroff

Elastic Decision Transformers (EDTs) have proved to be particularly successful in offline reinforcement learning, offering a flexible framework that unifies sequence modeling with decision-making under uncertainty. Recent research has shown…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Leonardo Guiducci , Antonio Rizzo , Giovanna Maria Dimitri

Nonlinear receding horizon model predictive control is a powerful approach to controlling nonlinear dynamical systems. However, typical approaches that use the Jacobian, adjoint, and forward-backward passes may lose fidelity and efficacy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Erina Yamaguchi , Sai Ravela

This work studies the problem of batch off-policy evaluation for Reinforcement Learning in partially observable environments. Off-policy evaluation under partial observability is inherently prone to bias, with risk of arbitrarily large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Guy Tennenholtz , Shie Mannor , Uri Shalit

Non-parametric episodic memory can be used to quickly latch onto high-rewarded experience in reinforcement learning tasks. In contrast to parametric deep reinforcement learning approaches in which reward signals need to be back-propagated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Zhao Yang , Thomas M. Moerland , Mike Preuss , Aske Plaat

We study model-based learning of finite-window policies in tabular partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). A common approach to learning under partial observability is to approximate unbounded history dependencies using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Philip Jordan , Maryam Kamgarpour

We study the problem of synthesizing a controller that maximizes the entropy of a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) subject to a constraint on the expected total reward. Such a controller minimizes the predictability of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Yagiz Savas , Michael Hibbard , Bo Wu , Takashi Tanaka , Ufuk Topcu

Much like humans, robots should have the ability to leverage knowledge from previously learned tasks in order to learn new tasks quickly in new and unfamiliar environments. Despite this, most robot learning approaches have focused on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Stephen James , Michael Bloesch , Andrew J. Davison

We introduce a Transformer-based Reinforcement Learning framework for autonomous orbital collision avoidance that explicitly models the effects of partial observability and imperfect monitoring in space operations. The framework combines a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Thomas Georges , Adam Abdin

End-to-end deep reinforcement learning has enabled agents to learn with little preprocessing by humans. However, it is still difficult to learn stably and efficiently because the learning method usually uses a nonlinear function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Daichi Nishio , Satoshi Yamane

General-purpose, intelligent, learning agents cycle through sequences of observations, actions, and rewards that are complex, uncertain, unknown, and non-Markovian. On the other hand, reinforcement learning is well-developed for small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

Pre-trained deep image representations are useful for post-training tasks such as classification through transfer learning, image retrieval, and object detection. Data augmentations are a crucial aspect of pre-training robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Sangnie Bhardwaj , Willie McClinton , Tongzhou Wang , Guillaume Lajoie , Chen Sun , Phillip Isola , Dilip Krishnan

Real-world decision-making problems are often partially observable, and many can be formulated as a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). When we apply reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms to the POMDP, reasonable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Soichiro Nishimori , Sotetsu Koyamada , Shin Ishii