Related papers: Biased self-diffusion on Cu surface due to electri…
In this work we show using atomistic simulations that the biased diffusion in high electric field gradients creates a mechanism whereby nanotips may start growing from small surface asperities. It has long been known that atoms on a…
When an electron emitting tip is subjected to very high electric fields, plasma forms even under ultra high vacuum conditions. This phenomenon, known as vacuum arc, causes catastrophic surface modifications and constitutes a major limiting…
High magnetic fields can increase the occurrence of vacuum arcing, suggesting that both electric and magnetic fields can play a role in the vacuum arcing process. The mechanism of vacuum arcing in high magnetic fields is believed to involve…
Atomic diffusion at nanometer length scale may differ significantly from bulk diffusion, and may sometimes even exhibit counterintuitive behavior. In the present work, taking Cu/Ni as a model system, a general phenomenon is reported which…
Sharp nanoscale tips on metal surfaces of electrodes enhance locally applied electric fields. Strongly enhanced electric fields trigger electron field emission and atom evaporation from the apexes of the nanotips. Combined together, these…
Nano-protrusion (NP) on metal surface and its inevitable contamination layer under high electric field is often considered as the primary precursor that leads to vacuum breakdown, which plays an extremely detrimental effect for high energy…
Nanoparticle sintering remains a critical challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. In this work, we present a unified deep potential (DP) model for Cu nanoparticles on three Al$_2$O$_3$ surfaces ($\gamma$-Al$_2$O$_3$(100),…
The shape memory effect and pseudoelasticity in Cu nanowires is one possible pair of mechanisms that prevents high aspect ratio nanosized field electron emitters to be stable at room temperature and permits their growth under high electric…
Vacuum breakdowns in particle accelerators and other devices operating at high electric fields is a common problem in the operation of these devices. It has been proposed that the onset of vacuum breakdowns is associated with appearance of…
The phenomenon of electric breakdown poses serious challenge to the design of devices that operate under high gradient environments. Experimental evidence often points towards breakdown events that are accompanied by elevated temperatures…
Self-sputtering of copper under high electric fields is considered to contribute to plasma buildup during a vacuum breakdown event frequently observed near metal surfaces, even in ultra high vacuum condition in different electric devices.…
Vacuum arcing poses significant challenges for high-field vacuum devices, underscoring the importance of understanding it for their efficient design. A detailed description of the physical mechanisms involved in vacuum arcing is yet to be…
The early stage of the reactive interdiffusion in the Cu-Al system was investigated at 350 {\textdegree}C and 300 {\textdegree}C thanks to in-situ transmission electron microscopy. A special care was given to find conditions where the…
The self-diffusion phenomenon in a two-dimensional dusty plasma at extremely strong (effective) magnetic fields is studied experimentally and by means of molecular dynamics simulations. In the experiment the high magnetic field is…
Irradiation of a sharp tungsten tip by a femtosecond laser and exposed to a strong DC electric field led to gradual and reproducible surface modifications. By a combination of field emission microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we…
Understanding the underlying factors responsible for higher-than-anticipated local field enhancements that trigger vacuum breakdown on pristine metal surfaces is crucial for the development of devices capable of withstanding intense…
The additional pumping of energy into arc plasma flow by the self-consistently formed radially directed beam of high-energy electrons for evaporation of micro-droplets is considered. The radial beam appears near the inner cylindrical…
"Active matter" refers to a class of out-of-equilibrium systems whose ability to transform environmental energy to kinetic energy is sought after in multiple fields of science and at very different length scales. At microscopic scales, an…
In-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has become an important technique to study dynamic processes at highest spatial resolution and one branch is the investigation of phenomena related with electrical currents. Here, we present…
While it is well established that elevated temperatures can induce surface roughening of metal surfaces, the effect of a high electric field on the atomic structure at ambient temperature has not been investigated in detail. Here we show…