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We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the mapping class group of the pair of the 3-sphere and a graph embedded in it to be isomorphic to the topological symmetry group of the embedded graph.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-06-22 Sangbum Cho , Yuya Koda

We find some integral formulas of Simons and Bochner type and use them to study biharmonic and biconservative submanifolds in space forms. We obtain rigidity results that in the biharmonic case represent partial answers to two well-known…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-01-25 Dorel Fetcu , Eric Loubeau , Cezar Oniciuc

Carrying further work of T.A. Crawford, we show that each component of the space of harmonic maps from the $2$-sphere to complex projective $2$-space of degree $d$ and energy $4 \pi E$ is a smooth closed submanifold of the space of all…

dg-ga · Mathematics 2008-02-03 L. Lemaire , J. C. Wood

We study metrics on two-dimensional simplicial complexes that are conformal either to flat Euclidean metrics or to the ideal hyperbolic metrics described by Charitos and Papadopoulos. Extending the results of our previous paper, we prove…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Brian Freidin , Victoria Gras Andreu

From the homotopy groups of two cubic spherical 3-manifolds we construct the isomorphic groups of deck transformations acting on the 3-sphere. These groups become the cyclic group of order eight and the quaternion group respectively. By…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-07-24 Peter Kramer

We give some general results on proper-biharmonic submanifolds of a complex space form and, in particular, of the complex projective space. These results are mainly concerned with submanifolds with constant mean curvature or parallel mean…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-02-03 D. Fetcu , E. Loubeau , S. Montaldo , C. Oniciuc

We study the existence or not of harmonic diffeomorphisms between certain domains in the Euclidean 2-sphere. In particular, we show harmonic diffeomorphisms from circular domains in the complex plane onto finitely punctured spheres, with at…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-10-04 Antonio Alarcon , Rabah Souam

We develop a systematic framework for constructing spherical harmonics on the two-dimensional unit sphere as superpositions of Gaussian beams whose poles form well-separated point configurations. The distributional and analytic properties…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Xiaolong Han

A set of points $S$ in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ is called a 2-distance set if the set of pairwise distances between the points has cardinality two. The 2-distance set is called spherical if its points lie on the unit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Iliyas Noman , Yuan Yao

This article shows that every non-isotropic harmonic 2-torus in complex projective space factors through a generalised Jacobi variety related to the spectral curve. Each map is composed of a homomorphism into the variety and a rational map…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ian McIntosh

Making use of Murakami's classification of outer involutions in a Lie algebra and following the Morse-theoretic approach to harmonic two-spheres in Lie groups introduced by Burstall and Guest, we obtain a new classification of harmonic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-03-14 N. Correia , R. Pacheco

In this paper, we study biharmonic isometric immersions of a surface into and biharmonic Riemannian submersion from 3-dimensional Berger spheres. We obtain a classification of proper biharmonic isometric immersions of a surface with…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-02-24 Ze-Ping Wang , Ye-Lin Ou

J. Eells and L. Lemaire introduced k-harmonic maps, and Wang Shaobo showed the first variational formula. When, k=2, it is called biharmonic maps (2-harmonic maps). There have been extensive studies in the area. In this paper, We study…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-08-08 Shun Maeta

We prove that the problem of constructing biharmonic conformal maps on a $4$-dimensional Einstein manifold reduces to a Yamabe-type equation. This allows us to construct an infinite family of examples on the Euclidean 4-sphere. In addition,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-07-12 Paul Baird , Ye-Lin Ou

In this paper, we construct polynomial growth harmonic maps from once-punctured Riemann surfaces of any finite genus to any even-sided, regular, ideal polygon in the hyperbolic plane. We also establish their uniqueness within a class of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2016-05-26 Andy C. Huang

A discrete harmonic surface is a trivalent graph which satisfies the balancing condition in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space and achieves energy minimizing under local deformations. Given a topological trivalent graph, a holomorphic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Motoko Kotani , Hisashi Naito

In this manuscript we study rotationally $p$-harmonic maps between spheres. We prove that for $p\in\mathbb{N}$ given, there exist infinitely many $p$-harmonic self-maps of $\mathbb{S}^m$ for each $m\in\mathbb{N}$ with $p<m< 2+p+2\sqrt{p}$.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Volker Branding , Anna Siffert

In this paper we investigate the space of harmonic maps from a 2-torus to $\mathbb{S}^3$ using the spectral curve correspondence and Whitham deformations. In an open and dense subset of a parameter space we find that the space of harmonic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-07-26 Emma Carberry , Ross Ogilvie

A spectral sequence calculating the homology groups of some spaces of maps equivariant under compact group actions is described. For the main example, we calculate the rational homology groups of spaces of even and odd maps $S^m \to S^M$,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Victor Vassiliev

Two continuous maps $f, g : \mathbb{C}^2\to\mathbb{C}^2$ are said to be topologically equivalent if there exist homeomorphisms $\varphi,\psi:\mathbb{C}^2\to\mathbb{C}^2$ satisfying $\psi\circ f\circ\varphi = g$. It is known that there are…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-02-15 Boulos El Hilany , Kemal Rose
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