Related papers: Black holes and cryptocurrencies
In this work, we study the computational complexity of massive gravity theory via the "Complexity = Action" conjecture. Our system contains a particle moving on the boundary of the black hole spacetime. It is dual to inserting a fundamental…
The modern notion of a black hole singularity is considered with reference to the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein's field equations of general relativity. A brief derivation of both the original and the modern line elements is given. The…
Crystals, as quantum objects typically much larger than their lattice spacing, are a counterexample to a frequent prejudice that quantum effects should not be pronounced at macroscopic distances. We propose that the Einstein theory of…
Public-key quantum money is a cryptographic proposal for using highly entangled quantum states as currency that is publicly verifiable yet resistant to counterfeiting due to the laws of physics. Despite significant interest, constructing…
We construct an infinite family of microstates with geometric interiors for eternal black holes in general relativity with negative cosmological constant in any dimension. Wormholes in the Euclidean path integral for gravity cause these…
The possible existence of black holes has fascinated scientists at least since Michell and Laplace's proposal that a gravitating object could exist from which light could not escape. In the 20th century, in light of the general theory of…
Black hole entropy appears to be ``universal''--many independent calculations, involving models with very different microscopic degrees of freedom, all yield the same density of states. I discuss the proposal that this universality comes…
Blockchain is one of the most discussed and highly accepted technologies, primarily due to its application in almost every field where third parties are needed for trust. Blockchain technology relies on distributed consensus for trust,…
Computational complexity is essential to understanding the properties of black hole horizons. The problem of Alice creating a firewall behind the horizon of Bob's black hole is a problem of computational complexity. In general we find that…
Bitcoin is the first successful decentralized global digital cash system. Its mining process requires intense computational resources, therefore its usefulness remains a disputable topic. We aim to solve three problems with Bitcoin and…
I review elements of the foundations of black-hole theory with attention to problematic issues, and describe some techniques which either seem to help with the difficulties or at least investigate their scope. The definition of black holes…
Although recent advances of blockchain systems, notably in the form of cryptocurrency, have drawn tremendous interests from both researchers and practitioners, limited studies existed toward the theoretical foundation of blockchains. This…
First, the relation between black holes and limitations on information of other systems is developed. After reviewing the relation of entropy to information, we derive the entropy bound, review its applications to cosmology and its…
We give arguments for the existence of a thermodynamics of quantum complexity that includes a "Second Law of Complexity". To guide us, we derive a correspondence between the computational (circuit) complexity of a quantum system of $K$…
The purpose of this thesis is to provide insights into different aspects of black hole physics, both at a quantum level and from an observational point of view. On the one hand, regarding their fundamental constitutive characteristics, we…
We describe how general covariance for QFT defined on a space-time background with horizons leads to the need of adding an extra quantum degree of freedom. The definition of traces and entropies involves the use of a formally thermal state…
Rapid advancements in quantum computing and machine learning threaten the long-term security of classical blockchain systems, whose protection mechanisms largely rely on computational difficulties. In this study, we propose a quantum…
Initial data for the spherically symmetric Einstein-Vlasov system is constructed whose past evolution is regular and whose future evolution contains a black hole. This is the first example of initial data with these properties for the…
Arguments for black hole formation in collisions of high-energy particles have rested on the emergence of a closed trapped surface in the classical geometry of two colliding Aichelburg-Sexl solutions. Recent analysis has, however, shown…
Cryptocurrencies are distributed systems that allow exchanges of native (and non-) tokens among participants. The complete historical bookkeeping and its wide availability opens up an unprecedented possibility, i.e. that of understanding…