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Training deep neural networks with noisy labels remains a significant challenge, often leading to degraded performance. Existing methods for handling label noise typically rely on either transition matrix, noise detection, or meta-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhanhui Lin , Yanlin Liu , Sanping Zhou

When a deep learning model is deployed in the wild, it can encounter test data drawn from distributions different from the training data distribution and suffer drop in performance. For safe deployment, it is essential to estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Jiefeng Chen , Frederick Liu , Besim Avci , Xi Wu , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha

Noisy Labels are commonly present in data sets automatically collected from the internet, mislabeled by non-specialist annotators, or even specialists in a challenging task, such as in the medical field. Although deep learning models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Filipe R. Cordeiro , Gustavo Carneiro

Reference texts such as encyclopedias and news articles can manifest biased language when objective reporting is substituted by subjective writing. Existing methods to detect bias mostly rely on annotated data to train machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Timo Spinde , David Krieger , Manuel Plank , Bela Gipp

We propose a simulation framework for generating instance-dependent noisy labels via a pseudo-labeling paradigm. We show that the distribution of the synthetic noisy labels generated with our framework is closer to human labels compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Keren Gu , Xander Masotto , Vandana Bachani , Balaji Lakshminarayanan , Jack Nikodem , Dong Yin

One of the primary catalysts fueling advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) is the availability of massive, curated datasets. A commonly used technique to curate such massive datasets is crowdsourcing, where data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Shahana Ibrahim , Panagiotis A. Traganitis , Xiao Fu , Georgios B. Giannakis

Large language models (LLMs) often necessitate extensive labeled datasets and training compute to achieve impressive performance across downstream tasks. This paper explores a self-training paradigm, where the LLM autonomously curates its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Wei Jie Yeo , Teddy Ferdinan , Przemyslaw Kazienko , Ranjan Satapathy , Erik Cambria

Modeling complex subjective tasks in Natural Language Processing, such as recognizing emotion and morality, is considerably challenging due to significant variation in human annotations. This variation often reflects reasonable differences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Georgios Chochlakis , Peter Wu , Arjun Bedi , Marcus Ma , Kristina Lerman , Shrikanth Narayanan

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in numerous domains with help from large amounts of big data. However, the quality of data labels is a concern because of the lack of high-quality labels in many real-world scenarios. As noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Hwanjun Song , Minseok Kim , Dongmin Park , Yooju Shin , Jae-Gil Lee

Large-scale datasets for natural language inference are created by presenting crowd workers with a sentence (premise), and asking them to generate three new sentences (hypotheses) that it entails, contradicts, or is logically neutral with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Suchin Gururangan , Swabha Swayamdipta , Omer Levy , Roy Schwartz , Samuel R. Bowman , Noah A. Smith

Having a clean dataset has been the foundational assumption of most natural language processing (NLP) systems. However, properly written text is rarely found in real-world scenarios and hence, oftentimes invalidates the aforementioned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Ayush Singh , Navpreet Singh , Shubham Vatsal

Imperfect labels are ubiquitous in real-world datasets and seriously harm the model performance. Several recent effective methods for handling noisy labels have two key steps: 1) dividing samples into cleanly labeled and wrongly labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Wenkai Chen , Chuang Zhu , Yi Chen , Mengting Li , Tiejun Huang

Manually labeled corpora are expensive to create and often not available for low-resource languages or domains. Automatic labeling approaches are an alternative way to obtain labeled data in a quicker and cheaper way. However, these labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Learning with Noisy Labels (LNL) has become an appealing topic, as imperfectly annotated data are relatively cheaper to obtain. Recent state-of-the-art approaches employ specific selection mechanisms to separate clean and noisy samples and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Ruixuan Xiao , Yiwen Dong , Haobo Wang , Lei Feng , Runze Wu , Gang Chen , Junbo Zhao

Semi-supervised learning lately has shown much promise in improving deep learning models when labeled data is scarce. Common among recent approaches is the use of consistency training on a large amount of unlabeled data to constrain model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Qizhe Xie , Zihang Dai , Eduard Hovy , Minh-Thang Luong , Quoc V. Le

ConvNets achieve good results when training from clean data, but learning from noisy labels significantly degrades performances and remains challenging. Unlike previous works constrained by many conditions, making them infeasible to real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Jiangfan Han , Ping Luo , Xiaogang Wang

In this paper, we address the problem of effectively self-training neural networks in a low-resource setting. Self-training is frequently used to automatically increase the amount of training data. However, in a low-resource scenario, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Debjit Paul , Mittul Singh , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Recent studies on the memorization effects of deep neural networks on noisy labels show that the networks first fit the correctly-labeled training samples before memorizing the mislabeled samples. Motivated by this early-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Yangdi Lu , Yang Bo , Wenbo He

Label noise remains a challenge for training robust classification models. Most methods for mitigating label noise have been benchmarked using primarily datasets with synthetic noise. While the need for datasets with realistic noise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Alicja Rączkowska , Aleksandra Osowska-Kurczab , Jacek Szczerbiński , Kalina Jasinska-Kobus , Klaudia Nazarko

Training neural network classifiers on datasets with label noise poses a risk of overfitting them to the noisy labels. To address this issue, researchers have explored alternative loss functions that aim to be more robust. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 William Toner , Amos Storkey