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Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have been increasingly used by developers to boost productivity, but they often generate vulnerable code. Thus, there is an urgent need to ensure that code generated by Code LLMs is correct and secure.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yanjun Fu , Ethan Baker , Yu Ding , Yizheng Chen

Filtering and parameter estimation under partial information for multiscale problems is studied in this paper. After proving mean square convergence of the nonlinear filter to a filter of reduced dimension, we establish that the conditional…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-09 Andrew Papanicolaou , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

In NMT we search for the mode of the model distribution to form predictions. The mode and other high-probability translations found by beam search have been shown to often be inadequate in a number of ways. This prevents improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Bryan Eikema , Wilker Aziz

In this paper, we focus on the demodulation/decoding of the complex modulations/codes that approach the Shannon capacity. Theoretically, the maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm can achieve the optimal error performance whereas it has…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Boxiang He , Zitao Wu , Fanggang Wang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have spurred interest in robotic navigation that incorporates complex spatial, mathematical, and conditional constraints from natural language into the planning problem. Such constraints…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Amin Seffo , Aladin Djuhera , Masataro Asai , Holger Boche

As machine learning applications grow increasingly ubiquitous and complex, they face an increasing set of requirements beyond accuracy. The prevalent approach to handle this challenge is to aggregate a weighted combination of requirement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Aneesh Barthakur , Luiz F. O. Chamon

We propose a method to optimize the representation and distinguishability of samples from two probability distributions, by maximizing the estimated power of a statistical test based on the maximum mean discrepancy (MMD). This optimized MMD…

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) for recommendation requires careful consideration of the decoding process, given the inherent differences between generating items and natural language. Existing approaches often directly apply LLMs'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Keqin Bao , Jizhi Zhang , Yang Zhang , Xinyue Huo , Chong Chen , Fuli Feng

In this paper, we first introduce the concept of elementary linear subspace, which has similar properties to those of a set of coordinates. Using this new concept, we derive properties of maximum rank distance (MRD) codes that parallel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Maximilien Gadouleau , Zhiyuan Yan

We are motivated by problems that arise in a number of applications such as Online Marketing and Explosives detection, where the observations are usually modeled using Poisson statistics. We model each observation as a Poisson random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-29 Mohammad H. Rohban , Delaram Motamedvaziri , Venkatesh Saligrama

In neural machine translation (NMT), it is has become standard to translate using subword units to allow for an open vocabulary and improve accuracy on infrequent words. Byte-pair encoding (BPE) and its variants are the predominant approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Elizabeth Salesky , Andrew Runge , Alex Coda , Jan Niehues , Graham Neubig

Standard decoding strategies for text generation, including top-k, nucleus sampling, and contrastive search, select tokens based on likelihood, restricting selection to high-probability regions. Human language production operates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Esteban Garces Arias , Nurzhan Sapargali , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher

Conditional language models are predominantly trained with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), giving probability mass to sparsely observed target sequences. While MLE trained models assign high probability to plausible sequences given the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Yao Zhao , Misha Khalman , Rishabh Joshi , Shashi Narayan , Mohammad Saleh , Peter J. Liu

Learning a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is hard when the number of parameters is too large given the amount of available data. As a remedy, we propose restricting the GMM to a Gaussian Markov Random Field Mixture Model (GMRF-MM), as well as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Shahaf E. Finder , Eran Treister , Oren Freifeld

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used to evaluate natural language generation tasks as automated metrics. However, the likelihood, a measure of LLM's plausibility for a sentence, can vary due to superficial differences in sentences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Masanari Oi , Masahiro Kaneko , Ryuto Koike , Mengsay Loem , Naoaki Okazaki

How can small-scale large language models (LLMs) efficiently utilize the supervision of LLMs to improve their generative quality? This question has been well studied in scenarios where there is no restriction on the number of LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Hyunjong Ok , Jegwang Ryu , Jaeho Lee

Code generation has been greatly enhanced by the profound advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) recently. Nevertheless, such LLM-based code generation approaches still struggle to generate error-free code in a few tries when faced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhi-Cun Lyu , Xin-Ye Li , Zheng Xie , Ming Li

We propose Dijkstra's algorithm with bounded list size after QR decomposition for decreasing the computational complexity of near maximum-likelihood (ML) detection of signals over multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels. After that,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-09-02 Atsushi Okawado , Ryutaroh Matsumoto , Tomohiko Uyematsu

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation but struggle with complex problems. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this issue by integrating external knowledge, yet retrieval models often miss relevant context, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shahd Seddik , Fahd Seddik , Iman Saberi , Fatemeh Fard , Minh Hieu Huynh , Patanamon Thongtanunam

In most constraint programming systems, a limited number of search engines is offered while the programming of user-customized search algorithms requires low-level efforts, which complicates the deployment of such algorithms. To alleviate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Yong Lin , Martin Henz