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Tensor algebra lies at the core of computational science and machine learning. Due to its high usage, entire libraries exist dedicated to improving its performance. Conventional tensor algebra performance boosts focus on algorithmic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Sathvik Redrouthu , Rishi Athavale

Machine learning (ML) models are widely used in many important domains. For efficiently processing these computational- and memory-intensive applications, tensors of these over-parameterized models are compressed by leveraging sparsity,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Shail Dave , Riyadh Baghdadi , Tony Nowatzki , Sasikanth Avancha , Aviral Shrivastava , Baoxin Li

Sparse tensor decomposition and completion are common in numerous applications, ranging from machine learning to computational quantum chemistry. Typically, the main bottleneck in optimization of these models are contractions of a single…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Raghavendra Kanakagiri , Edgar Solomonik

This paper shows how to generate efficient tensor algebra code that compute on dynamic sparse tensors, which have sparsity structures that evolve over time. We propose a language for precisely specifying recursive, pointer-based data…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Stephen Chou , Saman Amarasinghe

Sparse compiler is a promising solution for sparse tensor algebra optimization. In compiler implementation, reduction in sparse-dense hybrid algebra plays a key role in performance. Though GPU provides various reduction semantics that can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Genghan Zhang , Yuetong Zhao , Yanting Tao , Zhongming Yu , Guohao Dai , Sitao Huang , Yuan Wen , Pavlos Petoumenos , Yu Wang

Tensor algebra finds applications in various domains, and these applications, especially when accelerated on spatial hardware accelerators, can deliver high performance and low power. Spatial hardware accelerator exhibits complex design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Liancheng Jia , Zizhang Luo , Liqiang Lu , Yun Liang

We introduce Stardust, a compiler that compiles sparse tensor algebra to reconfigurable dataflow architectures (RDAs). Stardust introduces new user-provided data representation and scheduling language constructs for mapping to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Olivia Hsu , Alexander Rucker , Tian Zhao , Kunle Olukotun , Fredrik Kjolstad

Ternary quantization has emerged as a powerful technique for reducing both computational and memory footprint of large language models (LLM), enabling efficient real-time inference deployment without significantly compromising model…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Zhirui Huang , Rui Ma , Shijie Cao , Ran Shu , Ian Wang , Ting Cao , Chixiao Chen , Yongqiang Xiong

Handling communication overhead in large-scale tensor-parallel training remains a critical challenge due to the dense, near-zero distributions of intermediate tensors, which exacerbate errors under frequent communication and introduce…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Man Liu , Xingchen Liu , Xingjian Tian , Bing Lu , Shengkay Lyu , Shengquan Yin , Wenjing Huang , Zheng Wei , Hairui Zhao , Guangming Tan , Dingwen Tao

In recent years, many accelerators have been proposed to efficiently process sparse tensor algebra applications (e.g., sparse neural networks). However, these proposals are single points in a large and diverse design space. The lack of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Yannan Nellie Wu , Po-An Tsai , Angshuman Parashar , Vivienne Sze , Joel S. Emer

As neural network model sizes have dramatically increased, so has the interest in various techniques to reduce their parameter counts and accelerate their execution. An active area of research in this field is sparsity - encouraging zero…

Exploiting sparsity in deep neural networks (DNNs) has been a promising area for meeting the growing computation requirements. To minimize the overhead of sparse acceleration, hardware designers have proposed structured sparsity support,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Geonhwa Jeong , Po-An Tsai , Abhimanyu R. Bambhaniya , Stephen W. Keckler , Tushar Krishna

This paper shows how to build a sparse tensor algebra compiler that is agnostic to tensor formats (data layouts). We develop an interface that describes formats in terms of their capabilities and properties, and show how to build a modular…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Stephen Chou , Fredrik Kjolstad , Saman Amarasinghe

Sparse tensors are rapidly becoming critical components of modern deep learning workloads. However, developing high-performance sparse operators can be difficult and tedious, and existing vendor libraries cannot satisfy the escalating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Zihao Ye , Ruihang Lai , Junru Shao , Tianqi Chen , Luis Ceze

RTL simulation on CPUs remains a persistent bottleneck in hardware design. State-of-the-art simulators embed the circuit directly into the simulation binary, resulting in long compilation times and execution that is fundamentally CPU…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yan Zhu , Boru Chen , Christopher W. Fletcher , Nandeeka Nayak

Tensor computations, with matrix multiplication being the primary operation, serve as the fundamental basis for data analysis, physics, machine learning, and deep learning. As the scale and complexity of data continue to grow rapidly, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Qizhe Wu , Yuchen Gui , Zhichen Zeng , Xiaotian Wang , Huawen Liang , Xi Jin

High-performance deep learning depends on efficient tensor programs. In recent years, automatic tensor program optimization, also known as tensor compilation, has emerged as the primary approach to generating efficient tensor programs.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Hangda Liu , Boyu Diao , Yu Yang , Wenxin Chen , Xiaohui Peng , Yongjun Xu

Sparse fusion is a compile-time loop transformation and runtime scheduling implemented as a domain-specific code generator. Sparse fusion generates efficient parallel code for the combination of two sparse matrix kernels where at least one…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Kazem Cheshmi , Michelle Mills Strout , Maryam Mehri Dehnavi

Programming high-performance sparse GPU kernels is notoriously difficult, requiring both substantial effort and deep expertise. Sparse compilers aim to simplify this process, but existing systems fall short in two key ways. First, they are…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jaeyeon Won , Willow Ahrens , Joel S. Emer , Saman Amarasinghe

Advanced algorithms for large-scale electronic structure calculations are mostly based on processing multi-dimensional sparse data. Examples are sparse matrix-matrix multiplications in linear-scaling Kohn-Sham calculations or the efficient…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Ilia Sivkov , Patrick Seewald , Alfio Lazzaro , Juerg Hutter