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Variational inference is a scalable technique for approximate Bayesian inference. Deriving variational inference algorithms requires tedious model-specific calculations; this makes it difficult to automate. We propose an automatic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-15 Alp Kucukelbir , Rajesh Ranganath , Andrew Gelman , David M. Blei

Variational Bayes (VB) inference algorithm is used widely to estimate both the parameters and the unobserved hidden variables in generative statistical models. The algorithm -- inspired by variational methods used in computational physics…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-27 Hideyuki Miyahara , Vwani Roychowdhury

We introduce a new multimodal optimization approach called Natural Variational Annealing (NVA) that combines the strengths of three foundational concepts to simultaneously search for multiple global and local modes of black-box nonconvex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-18 Tâm LeMinh , Julyan Arbel , Thomas Möllenhoff , Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan , Florence Forbes

Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) enable expressive hierarchical Bayesian modeling but pose substantial challenges for posterior inference, especially over inducing variables. Denoising diffusion variational inference (DDVI) addresses this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jian Xu , Qibin Zhao , John Paisley , Delu Zeng

The recognition network in deep latent variable models such as variational autoencoders (VAEs) relies on amortized inference for efficient posterior approximation that can scale up to large datasets. However, this technique has also been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-28 Rui Shu , Hung H. Bui , Jay Whang , Stefano Ermon

We formulate natural gradient variational inference (VI), expectation propagation (EP), and posterior linearisation (PL) as extensions of Newton's method for optimising the parameters of a Bayesian posterior distribution. This viewpoint…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-07 William J. Wilkinson , Simo Särkkä , Arno Solin

We introduce TrustVI, a fast second-order algorithm for black-box variational inference based on trust-region optimization and the reparameterization trick. At each iteration, TrustVI proposes and assesses a step based on minibatches of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Jeffrey Regier , Michael I. Jordan , Jon McAuliffe

Bayesian models quantify uncertainty and facilitate optimal decision-making in downstream applications. For most models, however, practitioners are forced to use approximate inference techniques that lead to sub-optimal decisions due to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-12 Tomasz Kuśmierczyk , Joseph Sakaya , Arto Klami

Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) offer uncertainty quantification but come with the downside of substantially increased training and inference costs. Sparse BNNs have been investigated for efficient inference, typically by either slowly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Junbo Li , Zichen Miao , Qiang Qiu , Ruqi Zhang

We study data-driven decision-making problems in the Bayesian framework, where the expectation in the Bayes risk is replaced by a risk-sensitive entropic risk measure. We focus on problems where calculating the posterior distribution is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-13 Prateek Jaiswal , Harsha Honnappa , Vinayak A. Rao

Bayesian approach, as a useful tool for quantifying uncertainties, has been widely used for solving inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs). One of the key difficulties for employing Bayesian approach for the issue is how…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Junxiong Jia , Qian Zhao , Zongben Xu , Deyu Meng , Yee Leung

Variational inference (VI) is widely used for approximate inference in Bayesian machine learning. In addition to this practical success, generalization bounds for variational inference and related algorithms have been developed, mostly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yadi Wei , Roni Khardon

Given a multivariate function taking deterministic and uncertain inputs, we consider the problem of estimating a quantile set: a set of deterministic inputs for which the probability that the output belongs to a specific region remains…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-25 Romain Ait Abdelmalek-Lomenech , Julien Bect , Emmanuel Vazquez

We examine the question of whether quantum mechanics places limitations on the ability of small quantum devices to learn. We specifically examine the question in the context of Bayesian inference, wherein the prior and posterior…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-11 Nathan Wiebe , Christopher Granade

Bayesian models provide a framework for probabilistic modelling of complex datasets. However, many of such models are computationally demanding especially in the presence of large datasets. On the other hand, in sensor network applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-07-06 Behnam Babagholami-Mohamadabadi , Sejong Yoon , Vladimir Pavlovic

Online optimization has gained increasing interest due to its capability of tracking real-world streaming data. Although online optimization methods have been widely studied in the setting of frequentist statistics, few works have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Yifan Yang , Chang Liu , Zheng Zhang

Black Box Variational Inference is a promising framework in a succession of recent efforts to make Variational Inference more ``black box". However, in basic version it either fails to converge due to instability or requires some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Dominic B. Dayta

Several scenarios require the optimization of non-convex black-box functions, that are noisy expensive to evaluate functions with unknown analytical expression, whose gradients are hence not accessible. For example, the hyper-parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán

Many statistical problems include model parameters that are defined as the solutions to optimization sub-problems. These include classical approaches such as profile likelihood as well as modern applications involving flow networks or…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-17 Cheng Zeng , Yaozhi Yang , Jason Xu , Leo L Duan

Dropout, a stochastic regularisation technique for training of neural networks, has recently been reinterpreted as a specific type of approximate inference algorithm for Bayesian neural networks. The main contribution of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-06 Jiri Hron , Alexander G. de G. Matthews , Zoubin Ghahramani