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Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a framework for Bayesian inference that can offer principled uncertainty estimates for a large range of problems. For example, if we consider regression problems with Gaussian likelihoods, a GP model enjoys…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Felix Leibfried , Vincent Dutordoir , ST John , Nicolas Durrande

Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) is a framework for performing likelihood-free posterior inference for simulation models. Stochastic Variational inference (SVI) is an appealing alternative to the inefficient sampling approaches…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-29 Alexander Moreno , Tameem Adel , Edward Meeds , James M. Rehg , Max Welling

Modern neural network architectures have achieved remarkable accuracies but remain highly dependent on their training data, often lacking interpretability in their learned mappings. While effective on large datasets, they tend to overfit on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Pavia Bera , Sanjukta Bhanja

Variational inference with Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) enables learning of highly tractable yet multi-modal approximations of intractable target distributions with up to a few hundred dimensions. The two currently most effective methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Oleg Arenz , Philipp Dahlinger , Zihan Ye , Michael Volpp , Gerhard Neumann

Black box variational inference allows researchers to easily prototype and evaluate an array of models. Recent advances allow such algorithms to scale to high dimensions. However, a central question remains: How to specify an expressive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-01 Rajesh Ranganath , Dustin Tran , David M. Blei

Estimation of physical quantities is at the core of most scientific research and the use of quantum devices promises to enhance its performances. In real scenarios, it is fundamental to consider that the resources are limited and Bayesian…

Distributed inference/estimation in Bayesian framework in the context of sensor networks has recently received much attention due to its broad applicability. The variational Bayesian (VB) algorithm is a technique for approximating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-30 Junhao Hua , Chunguang Li

Bayesian optimization is popular for optimizing time-consuming black-box objectives. Nonetheless, for hyperparameter tuning in deep neural networks, the time required to evaluate the validation error for even a few hyperparameter settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Jian Wu , Saul Toscano-Palmerin , Peter I. Frazier , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Variational inference is a powerful tool for approximate inference, and it has been recently applied for representation learning with deep generative models. We develop the variational Gaussian process (VGP), a Bayesian nonparametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-19 Dustin Tran , Rajesh Ranganath , David M. Blei

We study the variational inference problem of minimizing a regularized R\'enyi divergence over an exponential family. We propose to solve this problem with a Bregman proximal gradient algorithm. We propose a sampling-based algorithm to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-17 Thomas Guilmeau , Emilie Chouzenoux , Víctor Elvira

The mean field variational inference (MFVI) formulation restricts the general Bayesian inference problem to the subspace of product measures. We present a framework to analyze MFVI algorithms, which is inspired by a similar development for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-21 Soumyadip Ghosh , Yingdong Lu , Tomasz Nowicki , Edith Zhang

Mixture variational distributions in black box variational inference (BBVI) have demonstrated impressive results in challenging density estimation tasks. However, currently scaling the number of mixture components can lead to a linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Alexandra Hotti , Oskar Kviman , Ricky Molén , Víctor Elvira , Jens Lagergren

Variational inference (VI) is a popular approach in Bayesian inference, that looks for the best approximation of the posterior distribution within a parametric family, minimizing a loss that is typically the (reverse) Kullback-Leibler (KL)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-18 Marguerite Petit-Talamon , Marc Lambert , Anna Korba

Black-box variational inference is widely used in situations where there is no proof that its stochastic optimization succeeds. We suggest this is due to a theoretical gap in existing stochastic optimization proofs: namely the challenge of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Justin Domke , Guillaume Garrigos , Robert Gower

Semi-implicit variational inference (SIVI) enhances the expressiveness of variational families through hierarchical semi-implicit distributions, but the intractability of their densities makes standard ELBO-based optimization biased. Recent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-21 Longlin Yu , Ziheng Cheng , Shiyue Zhang , Cheng Zhang

Bayesian optimization is a coherent, ubiquitous approach to decision-making under uncertainty, with applications including multi-arm bandits, active learning, and black-box optimization. Bayesian optimization selects decisions (i.e.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Samuel Stanton , Wesley Maddox , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Variational inference (VI) can be cast as an optimization problem in which the variational parameters are tuned to closely align a variational distribution with the true posterior. The optimization task can be approached through vanilla…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Dai Hai Nguyen , Tetsuya Sakurai , Hiroshi Mamitsuka

A fundamental limitation of probabilistic deep learning is its predominant reliance on Gaussian priors. This simplistic assumption prevents models from accurately capturing the complex, non-Gaussian landscapes of natural data, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Feng-ao Wang , Shaobo Chen , Yao Xuan , Junwei Liu , Qi Gao , Hongdong Zhu , Junjie Hou , Lixin Yuan , Jinyu Cheng , Chenxin Yi , Hai Wei , Yin Ma , Tao Xu , Kai Wen , Yixue Li

Uncertainty computation in deep learning is essential to design robust and reliable systems. Variational inference (VI) is a promising approach for such computation, but requires more effort to implement and execute compared to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-03 Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan , Didrik Nielsen , Voot Tangkaratt , Wu Lin , Yarin Gal , Akash Srivastava

We perform scalable approximate inference in continuous-depth Bayesian neural networks. In this model class, uncertainty about separate weights in each layer gives hidden units that follow a stochastic differential equation. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-01 Winnie Xu , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Xuechen Li , David Duvenaud