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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have lately received significant attention as a representative deep learning-based technique for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). Most fully connected network-based PINNs use automatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zixue Xiang , Wei Peng , Wen Yao

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been used to model nonlinear relations between physical quantities. Those DNNs are embedded in physical systems described by partial differential equations (PDE) and trained by minimizing a loss function that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Kailai Xu , Eric Darve

In this work, we assess the ability of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve increasingly-complex coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We focus on a pair of benchmarks: discretized partial differential equations and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-17 Alexander New , Benjamin Eng , Andrea C. Timm , Andrew S. Gearhart

In recent times machine learning methods have made significant advances in becoming a useful tool for analyzing physical systems. A particularly active area in this theme has been "physics-informed machine learning" which focuses on using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Pulkit Gopalani , Sayar Karmakar , Dibyakanti Kumar , Anirbit Mukherjee

Complex physical systems are often described by partial differential equations (PDEs) that depend on parameters such as the Reynolds number in fluid mechanics. In applications such as design optimization or uncertainty quantification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Woojin Cho , Minju Jo , Haksoo Lim , Kookjin Lee , Dongeun Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Noseong Park

Deep Operator Networks (DeepONets) have recently emerged as powerful data-driven frameworks for learning nonlinear operators, particularly suited for approximating solutions to partial differential equations. Despite their promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Arth Sojitra , Mrigank Dhingra , Omer San

As a typical application of deep learning, physics-informed neural network (PINN) {has been} successfully used to find numerical solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs), but how to improve the limited accuracy is still a great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Zhi-Yong Zhang , Hui Zhang , Li-Sheng Zhang , Lei-Lei Guo

Traditional numerical methods, such as the finite element method and finite volume method, adress partial differential equations (PDEs) by discretizing them into algebraic equations and solving these iteratively. However, this process is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Jianghang Gu , Ling Wen , Yuntian Chen , Shiyi Chen

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), owing to their mesh-free nature, offer a powerful approach for solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) in complex geometries, including irregular domains. This capability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Hanfei Zhou , Lei Shi

Soft- and hard-constrained Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have achieved great success in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, these methods still face great challenges when solving the Navier-Stokes equations…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-11-14 Chuyu Zhou , Tianyu Li , Chenxi Lan , Rongyu Du , Guoguo Xin , Pengyu Nan , Hangzhou Yang , Guoqing Wang , Xun Liu , Wei Li

In various engineering and applied science applications, repetitive numerical simulations of partial differential equations (PDEs) for varying input parameters are often required (e.g., aircraft shape optimization over many design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Woojin Cho , Kookjin Lee , Donsub Rim , Noseong Park

Modern power systems require fast and accurate dynamic simulations for stability assessment, digital twins, and real-time control, but classical ODE solvers are often too slow for large-scale or online applications. We propose a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-10 Ioannis Karampinis , Petros Ellinas , Johanna Vorwerk , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are shown to be a promising method for the approximation of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). PINNs approximate the PDE solution by minimizing physics-based loss functions over a given domain.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Shoaib Goraya , Nahil Sobh , Arif Masud

Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is a novel multi-task learning framework useful for solving physical problems modeled using differential equations (DEs) by integrating the knowledge of physics and known constraints into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Shivprasad Kathane , Shyamprasad Karagadde

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are numerical solvers that embed all the physical information of a system into the loss function of a neural network. In this way the learned solution accounts for data (if available), the governing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Andrés Martínez-Esteban , Pablo Calvo-Barlés , Luis Martín-Moreno , Sergio G Rodrigo

Standard neural networks can approximate general nonlinear operators, represented either explicitly by a combination of mathematical operators, e.g., in an advection-diffusion-reaction partial differential equation, or simply as a black…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Somdatta Goswami , Aniruddha Bora , Yue Yu , George Em Karniadakis

Operator learning has the potential to strongly impact scientific computing by learning solution operators for differential equations, potentially accelerating multi-query tasks such as design optimization and uncertainty quantification by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Alexander Heinlein , Johannes Taraz

Partial differential equations (PDEs) play a fundamental role in modeling and simulating problems across a wide range of disciplines. Recent advances in deep learning have shown the great potential of physics-informed neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Pu Ren , Chengping Rao , Yang Liu , Jianxun Wang , Hao Sun

Addressing high-dimensional partial differential equations to derive effective actions within the functional renormalization group is formidable, especially when considering various field configurations, including inhomogeneous states, even…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-08-05 Takeru Yokota

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a class of deep neural networks that are trained, using automatic differentiation, to compute the response of systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). The training of PINNs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Rini Jasmine Gladstone , Hadi Meidani