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We propose a new class of games, called Multi-Games (MG), in which a given number of players play a fixed number of basic games simultaneously. In each round of the MG, each player will have a specific set of weights, one for each basic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-27 Abbas Edalat , Ali Ghoroghi , Georgios Sakellariou

In the Minority, Majority and Dollar Games (MG, MAJG, $G), synthetic agents compete for rewards, at each time-step acting in accord with the previously best-performing of their limited sets of strategies. Different components and/or aspects…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2009-11-13 J. B. Satinover , D. Sornette

We investigate mean-field games from the point of view of a large number of indistinguishable players which eventually converges to infinity. The players are weakly coupled via their empirical measure. The dynamics of the states of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-02-21 Rani Basna , Astrid Hilbert , Vassili N. Kolokoltsov

We consider stochastic differential games with $N$ players, linear-Gaussian dynamics in arbitrary state-space dimension, and long-time-average cost with quadratic running cost. Admissible controls are feedbacks for which the system is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-07-10 Martino Bardi , Fabio S. Priuli

Mean field games are studied by means of the weak formulation of stochastic optimal control. This approach allows the mean field interactions to enter through both state and control processes and take a form which is general enough to…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-04-09 Rene Carmona , Daniel Lacker

Many real-world applications involve some agents that fall into two teams, with payoffs that are equal within the same team but of opposite sign across the opponent team. The so-called two-team zero-sum Markov games (2t0sMGs) can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Guangzheng Hu , Yuanheng Zhu , Haoran Li , Dongbin Zhao

We introduce and study a two-player zero-sum game between a probabilist and Nature defined by a convex function $f$, a finite collection $\mathcal{B}$ of Markov generators (or its convex hull), and a target distribution $\pi$. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Michael C. H. Choi , Geoffrey Wolfer

A novel framework is presented that combines Mean Field Game (MFG) theory and Hybrid Optimal Control (HOC) theory to obtain a unique $\epsilon$-Nash equilibrium for a non-cooperative game with switching and stopping times. We consider the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Dena Firoozi , Ali Pakniyat , Peter E. Caines

In this paper, we consider a large class of constrained non-cooperative stochastic Markov games with countable state spaces and discounted cost criteria. In one-player case, i.e., constrained discounted Markov decision models, it is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-16 Anna Jaśkiewicz , Andrzej S. Nowak

Reinforcement learning has been successful both empirically and theoretically in single-agent settings, but extending these results to multi-agent reinforcement learning in general-sum Markov games remains challenging. This paper studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Narim Jeong , Donghwan Lee

Financial markets are often driven by latent factors which traders cannot observe. Here, we address an algorithmic trading problem with collections of heterogeneous agents who aim to perform optimal execution or statistical arbitrage, where…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-04-02 Philippe Casgrain , Sebastian Jaimungal

Mean Field Control Games (MFCGs) provide a powerful theoretical framework for analyzing systems of infinitely many interacting agents, blending elements from Mean Field Games (MFGs) and Mean Field Control (MFC). However, solving the coupled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Nianli Peng , Yilin Wang

We study a general formulation of the classical two-player Dynkin game in a discrete time Markovian setting. We identify an appropriate class of mixed strategies -- \textit{Markovian randomized stopping times} -- in which players stop at…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Sören Christensen , Kristoffer Lindensjö , Berenice Anne Neumann

Markov games model interactions among multiple players in a stochastic, dynamic environment. Each player in a Markov game maximizes its expected total discounted reward, which depends upon the policies of the other players. We formulate a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Shenghui Chen , Yue Yu , David Fridovich-Keil , Ufuk Topcu

Finite-horizon probabilistic multiagent concurrent game systems, also known as finite multiplayer stochastic games, are a well-studied model in computer science due to their ability to represent a wide range of real-world scenarios…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Senthil Rajasekaran , Moshe Y. Vardi

Many important real-world settings contain multiple players interacting over an unknown duration with probabilistic state transitions, and are naturally modeled as stochastic games. Prior research on algorithms for stochastic games has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Sam Ganzfried

We investigate mean field games for players, who are weakly coupled via their empirical measure. To this end we investigate time-dependent pure jump type propagators over a finite space in the framework of non-linear Markov processes. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Rani Basna , Astrid Hilbert , Vassili N. Kolokoltsov

Fictitious play has recently emerged as the most accurate scalable algorithm for approximating Nash equilibrium strategies in multiplayer games. We show that the degree of equilibrium approximation error of fictitious play can be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Sam Ganzfried

Static potential games are non-cooperative games which admit a fictitious function, also referred to as a potential function, such that the minimizers of this function constitute a subset (or a refinement) of the Nash equilibrium strategies…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-08 Aathira Prasad , Puduru Viswanadha Reddy

Mean field games (MFGs) are a promising framework for modeling the behavior of large-population systems. However, solving MFGs can be challenging due to the coupling of forward population evolution and backward agent dynamics. Typically,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Chenyu Zhang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di