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We study the problem of fairly assigning a set of discrete tasks (or chores) among a set of agents with additive valuations. Each chore is associated with a start and finish time, and each agent can perform at most one chore at any given…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Sarfaraz Equbal , Rohit Gurjar , Yatharth Kumar , Swaprava Nath , Raghuvansh Saxena , Rohit Vaish

A major open question in fair allocation of indivisible items is whether there always exists an allocation of chores that is Pareto optimal (PO) and envy-free up to one item (EF1). We answer this question affirmatively for the natural class…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Soroush Ebadian , Dominik Peters , Nisarg Shah

We study several fairness notions in allocating indivisible chores (i.e., items with non-positive values) to agents who have additive and submodular cost functions. The fairness criteria we are concern with are envy-free up to any item…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Ankang Sun , Bo Chen , Xuan Vinh Doan

A well-regarded fairness notion when dividing indivisible chores is envy-freeness up to one item (EF1), which requires that pairwise envy can be eliminated by the removal of a single item. While an EF1 and Pareto optimal (PO) allocation of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Hadi Hosseini , Joshua Kavner , Tomasz Wąs , Lirong Xia

We study how to fairly allocate a set of indivisible chores to a group of agents, where each agent $i$ has a non-negative weight $w_i$ that represents its obligation for undertaking the chores. We consider the fairness notion of weighted…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Xiaowei Wu , Cong Zhang , Shengwei Zhou

We consider the problem of fair allocation of indivisible chores under additive valuations. We assume that the chores are divided into two types and under this scenario, we present several results. Our first result is a new characterization…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Haris Aziz , Jeremy Lindsay , Angus Ritossa , Mashbat Suzuki

The sharing of scarce resources among multiple rational agents is one of the classical problems in economics. In exchange economies, which are used to model such situations, agents begin with an initial endowment of resources and exchange…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Wenshuo Guo , Kirthevasan Kandasamy , Joseph E Gonzalez , Michael I. Jordan , Ion Stoica

Fair resource allocation is an important problem in many real-world scenarios, where resources such as goods and chores must be allocated among agents. In this survey, we delve into the intricacies of fair allocation, focusing specifically…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Shaily Mishra , Manisha Padala , Sujit Gujar

We study the problem of fairly and efficiently allocating a set of items among strategic agents with additive valuations, where items are either all indivisible or all divisible. When items are goods, numerous positive and negative results…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Bo Li , Biaoshuai Tao , Fangxiao Wang , Xiaowei Wu , Mingwei Yang , Shengwei Zhou

Competitive equilibrium from equal incomes (CEEI) is a classic solution to the problem of fair and efficient allocation of goods [Foley'67, Varian'74]. Every agent receives an equal budget of artificial currency with which to purchase…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-26 Moshe Babaioff , Noam Nisan , Inbal Talgam-Cohen

In this paper, we study how to fairly allocate a set of m indivisible chores to a group of n agents, each of which has a general additive cost function on the items. Since envy-free (EF) allocations are not guaranteed to exist, we consider…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shengwei Zhou , Xiaowei Wu

We explore the fair distribution of a set of $m$ indivisible chores among $n$ agents, where each agent's costs are evaluated using a monotone cost function. Our focus lies on two fairness criteria: envy-freeness up to any item (EFX) and a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Mahyar Afshinmehr , Matin Ansaripour , Alireza Danaei , Kurt Mehlhorn

We study the problem of allocating indivisible chores among agents with additive cost functions in a fair and efficient manner. A major open question in this area is whether there always exists an allocation that is envy-free up to one…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ryoga Mahara

Competitive equilibrium with equal incomes (CEEI) is a well known fair allocation mechanism; however, for indivisible resources a CEEI may not exist. It was shown in [Budish '11] that in the case of indivisible resources there is always an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-02 Abraham Othman , Christos Papadimitriou , Aviad Rubinstein

We consider the problem of allocating $m$ indivisible chores among $n$ agents with possibly different weights, aiming for a solution that is both fair and efficient. Specifically, we focus on the classic fairness notion of proportionality…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jugal Garg , Eklavya Sharma , Xiaowei Wu

Allocating multiple scarce items across a set of individuals is an important practical problem. In the case of divisible goods and additive preferences a convex program can be used to find the solution that maximizes Nash welfare (MNW). The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Christian Kroer , Alexander Peysakhovich

We study the relationship between two central concepts in the allocation of divisible goods: competitive equilibrium (CE) and allocations that maximize Nash welfare, i.e., allocations where the weighted geometric mean of the utilities is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jugal Garg , Yixin Tao , László A. Végh

In this paper, we study how to fairly allocate m indivisible chores to n (asymmetric) agents. We consider (weighted) proportionality up to any item (PROPX) and show that a (weighted) PROPX allocation always exists and can be computed…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Bo Li , Yingkai Li , Xiaowei Wu

We consider the problem of fairly and efficiently allocating indivisible items (goods or bads) under capacity constraints. In this setting, we are given a set of categorized items. Each category has a capacity constraint (the same for all…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Hila Shoshan , Erel Segal-Halevi , Noam Hazon

One of the most important topics in discrete fair division is whether an EFX allocation exists for any instance. Although the existence of EFX allocations is a standing open problem for both goods and chores, the understanding of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Yusuke Kobayashi , Ryoga Mahara , Souta Sakamoto