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The p$-$p collisions at high multiplicity at LHC show small scale collective effects similar to that observed in heavy ion collisions such as enhanced production of strange and multi-strange hadrons, long range azimuthal correlations, etc.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-10-30 Ranjit Nayak , Subhadip Pal , Sadhana Dash

We present the microscopic model for collective effects, built on string-string interactions (string shoving and rope hadronization), recently implemented in the PYTHIA 8 and DIPSY event generators. Rope hadronization is shown to give a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Christian Bierlich

We revisit our rope model for string fragmentation that has been shown to give a reasonable description of strangeness and baryon enhancement in high-multiplicity pp events at the LHC. A key feature of the model is that the enhancement is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-08-17 Christian Bierlich , Smita Chakraborty , Gösta Gustafson , Leif Lönnblad

Enhancement in strangeness yields in heavy-ion collisions is regarded as one of the attributes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) along with jet quenching and final-state collectivity. To reproduce these effects in the MC implementation of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-02-08 Smita Chakraborty

The increase of strange-particle yields relative to pions versus charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton (pp) collisions at the LHC is usually described by microscopic or hydrodynamical models as a result of the increasing density of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-14 Constantin Loizides , Andreas Morsch

Rope Hadronization is a model extending the Lund string hadronization model to describe environments with many overlapping strings, such as high multiplicity pp collisions or $AA$ collisions. Including effects of Rope Hadronization…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-03-14 Christian Bierlich

Strange particles are produced only during high-energy collisions and carry important information regarding collision dynamics. Recent results by the ALICE Collaboration on strangeness enhancement in high-multiplicity p+p collisions have…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-12 Hushnud Hushnud , Kalyan Dey

Measurements at LHC show an increased production of strange hadrons with charged multiplicity in pp collisions, which is not described by the Lund String Model (with the Monash tune) implemented in PYTHIA. This work investigates string…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-01 Javira Altmann , Lorenzo Bernardinis , Peter Skands , Valentina Zaccolo

It has been observed that the yields of strange and multi-strange hadrons relative to pion increase significantly with the event charged-particle multiplicity. We notice from experimental data that yield ratios between non-strange hadrons,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-23 Sarita Sahoo , Rama Chandra Baral , Pradip Kumar Sahu , Mina Ketan Parida

One of the key results of the LHC Run 1 was the observation of an enhanced production of strange particles in high multiplicity pp and p--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 7 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The strangeness enhancement is…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-02-20 Ajay Kumar Dash

The centrality dependence of (multi-)strange hadron abundances is studied for Pb(158 AGeV)Pb reactions and compared to p(158 GeV)Pb collisions. The microscopic transport model UrQMD is used for this analysis. The predicted Lambda/pi-,…

In models for hadron collisions based on string hadronization, the strings are usually treated as independent, allowing no interaction between the confined colour fields. In studies of nucleus collisions it has been suggested that strings…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-02-16 Christian Bierlich , Gösta Gustafson , Leif Lönnblad , Andrey Tarasov

We introduce additional coalescence factors for the production of strange baryons in a multiphase transport (AMPT) model in order to describe the enhanced production of multistrange hadrons observed in Pb-Pb collisions at $\rm…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-12-23 Tianhao Shao , Jinhui Chen , Che Ming Ko , Zi-Wei Lin

In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the formation of a deconfined and thermalized state of partons, known as quark-gluon plasma (QGP), leads to enhanced production of strange hadrons in contrast to proton-proton (pp) collisions, which are…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-08 Suraj Prasad , Bhagyarathi Sahoo , Sushanta Tripathy , Neelkamal Mallick , Raghunath Sahoo

Strangeness enhancement is considered as a potential signature for QGP phase transition. Here we claim the observation of strangeness enhancement in proton-proton (pp) collisions at RHIC energy saying the de-confinement phase is reached.…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-12-24 Fatma. H. Sawy

Recently the ALICE collaboration has observed an interesting systematic behaviour of ratios of identified particles to pions yields at the LHC, showing that they depend solely on the charged-particle multiplicity in pp, pPb and PbPb…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-01-12 Jean Cleymans , Pok Man Lo , Krzysztof Redlich , Natasha Sharma

Strangeness and baryon enhancement in heavy ion collisions are discussed in the framework of the String Fusion Model. The Monte Carlo version of this model is shown to reasonably reproduce three of the features that have been pointed out as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 N. S. Amelin , N. Armesto , C. Pajares , D. Sousa

Results are presented on neutral kaon, hyperon and antihyperon production in Pb-Pb and p-Be interactions at 40 GeV/c per nucleon. The enhancement pattern follows the same hierarchy as seen in the higher energy data - the enhancement…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-11-20 The NA57 Collaboration , F. Antinori

We investigate the enhancement of yields of strange and multi-strange baryons in proton-proton (p+p), proton-lead (p+Pb) and lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies from a dynamical core-corona…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-12-31 Yuuka Kanakubo , Michito Okai , Yasuki Tachibana , Tetsufumi Hirano

We consider the production of strange particles in Pb-Pb and p-A collisions at the SPS energy reported by the WA97 experiment. We show that the observed enhancement of strange baryon and antibaryon yields in Pb-Pb collisions relative to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Salah Hamieh , Krzysztof Redlich , Ahmed Tounsi
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