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Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) utilizes labeled samples of known classes to discover novel classes in unlabeled samples. Existing methods show effective performance on artificial datasets with balanced distributions. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Cuong Manh Hoang

In real-world data, long-tailed data distribution is common, making it challenging for models trained on empirical risk minimisation to learn and classify tail classes effectively. While many studies have sought to improve long tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Ziheng Wang , Toni Lassila , Sharib Ali

Long-tailed data bias decision boundaries toward head classes and degrade tail class accuracy. Diffusion-based generative augmentation address this problem by generating additional data, while head-to-tail transfer further mitigate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jiacheng Yang , Ruichi Zhang , Chikai Shang , Mengke Li , Xinyi Shang , Junlong Gao , Yonggang Zhang , Yang Lu

The generalization gap on the long-tailed data sets is largely owing to most categories only occupying a few training samples. Decoupled training achieves better performance by training backbone and classifier separately. What causes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Zhiwei Zhang

The imbalanced distribution of long-tailed data presents a significant challenge for deep learning models, causing them to prioritize head classes while neglecting tail classes. Two key factors contributing to low recognition accuracy are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mengke Li , Zhikai Hu , Yang Lu , Weichao Lan , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hui Huang

This paper considers deep visual recognition on long-tailed data. To be general, we consider two applied scenarios, \ie, deep classification and deep metric learning. Under the long-tailed data distribution, the majority classes (\ie, tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Jialun Liu , Jingwei Zhang , Yi yang , Wenhui Li , Chi Zhang , Yifan Sun

Long-tail class incremental learning (LT CIL) remains highly challenging because the scarcity of samples in tail classes not only hampers their learning but also exacerbates catastrophic forgetting under continuously evolving and imbalanced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xi Wang , Xu Yang , Donghao Sun , Cheng Deng

In the real world, medical datasets often exhibit a long-tailed data distribution (i.e., a few classes occupy most of the data, while most classes have rarely few samples), which results in a challenging imbalance learning scenario. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Lie Ju , Xin Wang , Lin Wang , Tongliang Liu , Xin Zhao , Tom Drummond , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Zongyuan Ge

Data in real-world object detection often exhibits the long-tailed distribution. Existing solutions tackle this problem by mitigating the competition between the head and tail categories. However, due to the scarcity of training samples,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Bo Li , Yongqiang Yao , Jingru Tan , Xin Lu , Fengwei Yu , Ye Luo , Jianwei Lu

Real-world visual recognition requires handling the extreme sample imbalance in large-scale long-tailed data. We propose a "divide&conquer" strategy for the challenging LVIS task: divide the whole data into balanced parts and then apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Xinting Hu , Yi Jiang , Kaihua Tang , Jingyuan Chen , Chunyan Miao , Hanwang Zhang

Continual learning (CL) with long-tailed data distributions remains a critical challenge for real-world AI systems, where models must sequentially adapt to new classes while retaining knowledge of old ones, despite severe class imbalance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Hao Dai , Chong Tang , Jagmohan Chauhan

Convolutional neural networks have achieved great improvement on face recognition in recent years because of its extraordinary ability in learning discriminative features of people with different identities. To train such a well-designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Xiao Zhang , Zhiyuan Fang , Yandong Wen , Zhifeng Li , Yu Qiao

Real world data often exhibits a long-tailed and open-ended (with unseen classes) distribution. A practical recognition system must balance between majority (head) and minority (tail) classes, generalize across the distribution, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Ziwei Liu , Zhongqi Miao , Xiaohang Zhan , Jiayun Wang , Boqing Gong , Stella X. Yu

We tackle the long-tailed visual recognition problem from the knowledge distillation perspective by proposing a Distill the Virtual Examples (DiVE) method. Specifically, by treating the predictions of a teacher model as virtual examples, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Yin-Yin He , Jianxin Wu , Xiu-Shen Wei

This paper studies the long-tailed semi-supervised learning (LTSSL) with distribution mismatch, where the class distribution of the labeled training data follows a long-tailed distribution and mismatches with that of the unlabeled training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yaxin Hou , Yuheng Jia

Recognition problems in long-tailed data, in which the sample size per class is heavily skewed, have gained importance because the distribution of the sample size per class in a dataset is generally exponential unless the sample size is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Naoya Hasegawa , Issei Sato

Real-world data often exhibit imbalanced label distributions. Existing studies on data imbalance focus on single-domain settings, i.e., samples are from the same data distribution. However, natural data can originate from distinct domains,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Yuzhe Yang , Hao Wang , Dina Katabi

Active learning aims to reduce the labeling effort that is required to train algorithms by learning an acquisition function selecting the most relevant data for which a label should be requested from a large unlabeled data pool. Active…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Javad Zolfaghari Bengar , Joost van de Weijer , Laura Lopez Fuentes , Bogdan Raducanu

Class imbalance problems frequently occur in real-world tasks, and conventional deep learning algorithms are well known for performance degradation on imbalanced training datasets. To mitigate this problem, many approaches have aimed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Sumyeong Ahn , Jongwoo Ko , Se-Young Yun

The long-tailed class distribution in visual recognition tasks poses great challenges for neural networks on how to handle the biased predictions between head and tail classes, i.e., the model tends to classify tail classes as head classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yidong Wang , Bowen Zhang , Wenxin Hou , Zhen Wu , Jindong Wang , Takahiro Shinozaki