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Training Transformer-based models demands a large amount of data, while obtaining aligned and labelled data in multimodality is rather cost-demanding, especially for audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR). Thus it makes a lot of sense to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Xichen Pan , Peiyu Chen , Yichen Gong , Helong Zhou , Xinbing Wang , Zhouhan Lin

Self-supervised learned models have been found to be very effective for certain speech tasks such as automatic speech recognition, speaker identification, keyword spotting and others. While the features are undeniably useful in speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Ravi Shankar , Ke Tan , Buye Xu , Anurag Kumar

Semi-supervised learning, which has emerged from the beginning of this century, is a new type of learning method between traditional supervised learning and unsupervised learning. The main idea of semi-supervised learning is to introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Enmei Tu , Jie Yang

Recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have shown promising results in Speaker Verification (SV). However, narrowing the performance gap with supervised systems remains an ongoing challenge. Several studies have observed that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Victor Miara , Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has grown in interest within the speech processing community, since it produces representations that are useful for many downstream tasks. SSL uses global and contextual methods to produce robust…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Subrina Sultana , Donald S. Williamson

Automatic singing voice understanding tasks, such as singer identification, singing voice transcription, and singing technique classification, benefit from data-driven approaches that utilize deep learning techniques. These approaches work…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yuya Yamamoto

Relating speech to EEG holds considerable importance but is challenging. In this study, a deep convolutional network was employed to extract spatiotemporal features from EEG data. Self-supervised speech representation and contextual text…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-02 Bo Wang , Xiran Xu , Zechen Zhang , Haolin Zhu , YuJie Yan , Xihong Wu , Jing Chen

A prominent technique for self-supervised representation learning has been to contrast semantically similar and dissimilar pairs of samples. Without access to labels, dissimilar (negative) points are typically taken to be randomly sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Ching-Yao Chuang , Joshua Robinson , Lin Yen-Chen , Antonio Torralba , Stefanie Jegelka

Speech evaluation measures a learners oral proficiency using automatic models. Corpora for training such models often pose sparsity challenges given that there often is limited scored data from teachers, in addition to the score…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Huayun Zhang , Jeremy H. M. Wong , Geyu Lin , Nancy F. Chen

Speech enhancement and speech separation are two related tasks, whose purpose is to extract either one or more target speech signals, respectively, from a mixture of sounds generated by several sources. Traditionally, these tasks have been…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-16 Daniel Michelsanti , Zheng-Hua Tan , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Yong Xu , Meng Yu , Dong Yu , Jesper Jensen

Recently, contrastive learning has largely advanced the progress of unsupervised visual representation learning. Pre-trained on ImageNet, some self-supervised algorithms reported higher transfer learning performance compared to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Longhui Wei , Lingxi Xie , Jianzhong He , Jianlong Chang , Xiaopeng Zhang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li , Qi Tian

Given the recent surge in developments of deep learning, this article provides a review of the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques for audio signal processing. Speech, music, and environmental sound processing are considered…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Hendrik Purwins , Bo Li , Tuomas Virtanen , Jan Schlüter , Shuo-yiin Chang , Tara Sainath

The success of machine learning algorithms generally depends on data representation, and we hypothesize that this is because different representations can entangle and hide more or less the different explanatory factors of variation behind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-24 Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville , Pascal Vincent

Many modern NLP systems rely on word embeddings, previously trained in an unsupervised manner on large corpora, as base features. Efforts to obtain embeddings for larger chunks of text, such as sentences, have however not been so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Alexis Conneau , Douwe Kiela , Holger Schwenk , Loic Barrault , Antoine Bordes

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for learning flexible speech representations from unlabeled data. By designing pretext tasks that exploit statistical regularities, SSL models can capture useful…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Yusuf Brima , Ulf Krumnack , Simone Pika , Gunther Heidemann

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems can be trained to achieve remarkable performance given large amounts of manually transcribed speech, but large labeled data sets can be difficult or expensive to acquire for all languages of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Hanan Aldarmaki , Asad Ullah , Nazar Zaki

Recent contrastive methods show significant improvement in self-supervised learning in several domains. In particular, contrastive methods are most effective where data augmentation can be easily constructed e.g. in computer vision.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Denis Gudovskiy , Kazuki Kozuka , Iku Ohama , Luca Rigazio

Supervised learning methods have shown effectiveness in estimating spatial acoustic parameters such as time difference of arrival, direct-to-reverberant ratio and reverberation time. However, they still suffer from the simulation-to-reality…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Bing Yang , Xiaofei Li

Speaker identity plays a significant role in human communication and is being increasingly used in societal applications, many through advances in machine learning. Speaker identity perception is an essential cognitive phenomenon that can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-18 Gasser Elbanna

Self-supervised pretraining has been observed to be effective at improving feature representations for transfer learning, leveraging large amounts of unlabelled data. This review summarizes recent research into its usage in X-ray, computed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Blake VanBerlo , Jesse Hoey , Alexander Wong