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Urban railway systems increasingly rely on communication based train control (CBTC) systems, where optimal deployment of access points (APs) in tunnels is critical for robust wireless coverage. Traditional methods, such as empirical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Kunyu Wu , Qiushi Zhao , Zihan Feng , Yunxi Mu , Hao Qin , Xinyu Zhang , Xingqi Zhang

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) can improve signal propagation environments by adjusting the phase of the incident signal. However, optimizing the phase shifts jointly with the beamforming vector at the access point is challenging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Weijie Jin , Jing Zhang , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin , Xiao Li , Shuangfeng Han

Millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz MIMO systems rely on pre-defined beamforming codebooks for both initial access and data transmission. Being pre-defined, however, these codebooks are commonly not optimized for specific environments,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Yu Zhang , Muhammad Alrabeiah , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Directional beamforming is a crucial component for realizing robust wireless communication systems using millimeter wave (mmWave) technology. Beam alignment using brute-force search of the space introduces time overhead while location aided…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Vishnu Raj , Nancy Nayak , Sheetal Kalyani

In Integrated Sensing And Communication (ISAC) systems, estimating the micro-Doppler (mD) spectrogram of a target requires combining channel estimates retrieved from communication with ad-hoc sensing packets, which cope with the sparsity of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-05 Federico Mason , Jacopo Pegoraro

Network energy efficiency is a main pillar in the design and operation of wireless communication systems. In this paper, we investigate a dense radio access network (dense-RAN) capable of radiated power management at the base station (BS).…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Yuchao Chang , Wen Chen , Jun Li , Jianpo Liu , Haoran Wei , Zhendong Wang , Naofal Al-Dhahir

Today, human operators primarily perform voltage control of the electric transmission system. As the complexity of the grid increases, so does its operation, suggesting additional automation could be beneficial. A subset of machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Brandon L. Thayer , Thomas J. Overbye

It is well-known that the problem of finding the optimal beamformers in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) networks is challenging because of its non-convexity, and conventional optimization based algorithms suffer from high…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Minghe Zhu , Tsung-Hui Chang , Mingyi Hong

With the emergence of AI technologies in next-generation communication systems, machine learning plays a pivotal role due to its ability to address high-dimensional, non-stationary optimization problems within dynamic environments while…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-04 Nancy Nayak , Kin K. Leung , Lajos Hanzo

Wideband extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a promising technique to achieve Tbps data rates in future 6G systems through beamforming and spatial multiplexing. Due to the extensive bandwidth and the huge…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Mingyao Cui , Linglong Dai , Zhaocheng Wang , Shidong Zhou , Ning Ge

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a key machine learning technology driving progress across various scientific and engineering fields, including wireless communication. However, its limited interpretability and generalizability remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Atefeh Termehchi , Ekram Hossain , Isaac Woungang

A cognitive beamforming algorithm for colocated MIMO radars, based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework, is proposed. We analyse an RL-based optimization protocol that allows the MIMO radar, i.e. the \textit{agent}, to iteratively sense…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-07 Li Wang , Stefano Fortunati , Maria Sabrina Greco , Fulvio Gini

Millimeter-Wave (mm-Wave) frequency bands provide an opportunity for much wider channel bandwidth compared with the traditional sub-6 GHz band. Communication at mm-Waves is, however, quite challenging due to the severe propagation path…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Xiaoshen Song , Saeid Haghighatshoar , Giuseppe Caire

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is gaining attention as a potential approach to design trajectories for autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) used as flying access points in the context of cellular or Internet of Things (IoT)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Omid Esrafilian , Harald Bayerlein , David Gesbert

The conventional digital beamforming technique needs one radio frequency (RF) chain per antenna element. High power consumption, significantly high cost of RF chain components per antenna and complex signal processing task at base band…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Om Nath Acharya , Ram Kaji Budhathoki , Santosh Shaha

In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach for solving the optimisation problem of the network's sum-rate in device-to-device (D2D) communications supported by an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS). The IRS is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-09 Khoi Khac Nguyen , Antonino Masaracchia , Cheng Yin , Long D. Nguyen , Octavia A. Dobre , Trung Q. Duong

Dynamic metasurface antennas (DMAs) provide a new paradigm to realize large-scale antenna arrays for future wireless systems. In this paper, we study the downlink millimeter wave (mmWave) DMA systems with limited number of radio frequency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Wei Huang , Haiyang Zhang , Nir Shlezinger , Yonina C. Eldar

This paper presents a reinforcement learning (RL) based approach to improve the physical layer security (PLS) of an underlay cognitive radio network (CRN) over cascaded channels. These channels are utilized in highly mobile networks such as…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Deemah H. Tashman , Soumaya Cherkaoui , Walaa Hamouda

In this paper, we investigate a novel digital network twin (DNT) assisted deep learning (DL) model training framework. In particular, we consider a physical network where a base station (BS) uses several antennas to serve multiple mobile…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Hanzhi Yu , Hasan Farooq , Julien Forgeat , Shruti Bothe , Kristijonas Cyras , Md Moin Uddin Chowdhury , Mingzhe Chen

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) communications require beamforming to acquire adequate receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To find the optimal beam, current beam management solutions perform beam training over a large number…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-30 Shuaifeng Jiang , Ahmed Alkhateeb