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Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown impressive success in exploring high-dimensional environments to learn complex tasks, but can often exhibit unsafe behaviors and require extensive environment interaction when exploration is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Albert Wilcox , Ashwin Balakrishna , Brijen Thananjeyan , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Ken Goldberg

In order for autonomous mobile robots to navigate in human spaces, they must abide by our social norms. Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective method to train sequential decision-making policies that are able to respect…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Adam Sigal , Hsiu-Chin Lin , AJung Moon

Referring expression counting (REC) is an intention-driven task that requires context-aware visual reasoning. While recent vision-language models incorporate language for visual understanding, most existing REC methods rely on rulebased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hui Liu , Yunlai Teng , Kunlong Bai , Pengfei Qi , Haotian Yan , Liang Li , Junlan Feng

Exploration efficiency poses a significant challenge in goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) tasks, particularly those with long horizons and sparse rewards. A primary limitation to exploration efficiency is the agent's inability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Lisheng Wu , Ke Chen

One of the fundamental challenges in reinforcement learning (RL) is the one of data efficiency: modern algorithms require a very large number of training samples, especially compared to humans, for solving environments with high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Hlynur Davíð Hlynsson , Laurenz Wiskott

Human-level contact-rich manipulation relies on the distinct roles of two key modalities: vision provides spatially rich but temporally slow global context, while force sensing captures rapid, high-frequency local contact dynamics.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Wendi Chen , Han Xue , Yi Wang , Fangyuan Zhou , Jun Lv , Yang Jin , Shirun Tang , Chuan Wen , Cewu Lu

Learning a predictive model of the mean return, or value function, plays a critical role in many reinforcement learning algorithms. Distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) has been shown to improve performance by modeling the value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ju-Seung Byun , Andrew Perrault

Statistical machine learning algorithms have achieved state-of-the-art results on benchmark datasets, outperforming humans in many tasks. However, the out-of-distribution data and confounder, which have an unpredictable causal relationship,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Changjie Lu

We introduce Consistent Assignment for Representation Learning (CARL), an unsupervised learning method to learn visual representations by combining ideas from self-supervised contrastive learning and deep clustering. By viewing contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Thalles Silva , Adín Ramírez Rivera

Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is widely used to study hidden or hard-to-reach populations by incentivizing study participants to recruit their social connections. The success and efficiency of RDS can depend critically on the nature of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-06 Justin Weltz , Angela Yoon , Yichi Zhang , Alexander Volfovsky , Eric Laber

In real-world scenarios, pixel-level labeling is not always available. Sometimes, we need a semantic segmentation network, and even a visual encoder can have a high compatibility, and can be trained using various types of feedback beyond…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Xie Ting , Ye Huang , Zhilin Liu , Lixin Duan

Applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to sequence generation models enables the direct optimization of long-term rewards (\textit{e.g.,} BLEU and human feedback), but typically requires large-scale sampling over a space of action sequences.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Chenglong Wang , Hang Zhou , Yimin Hu , Yifu Huo , Bei Li , Tongran Liu , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Contrastive learning has delivered impressive results for various tasks in the self-supervised regime. However, existing approaches optimize for learning representations specific to downstream scenarios, i.e., \textit{global}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Shuang Ma , Zhaoyang Zeng , Daniel McDuff , Yale Song

Designing dense rewards is crucial for reinforcement learning (RL), yet in robotics it often demands extensive manual effort and lacks scalability. One promising solution is to view task progress as a dense reward signal, as it quantifies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yuyang Liu , Chuan Wen , Yihang Hu , Dinesh Jayaraman , Yang Gao

This paper presents a reinforcement learning framework that incorporates a Contextual Reward Machine for task-oriented grasping. The Contextual Reward Machine reduces task complexity by decomposing grasping tasks into manageable sub-tasks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Hui Li , Akhlak Uz Zaman , Fujian Yan , Hongsheng He

Recent studies show that deep reinforcement learning (DRL) agents tend to overfit to the task on which they were trained and fail to adapt to minor environment changes. To expedite learning when transferring to unseen tasks, we propose a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Guy Azran , Mohamad H. Danesh , Stefano V. Albrecht , Sarah Keren

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms suffer severe performance degradation when the interaction data is scarce, which limits their real-world application. Recently, visual representation learning has been shown to be effective and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Yang Yue , Bingyi Kang , Zhongwen Xu , Gao Huang , Shuicheng Yan

In standard reinforcement learning (RL), a learning agent seeks to optimize the overall reward. However, many key aspects of a desired behavior are more naturally expressed as constraints. For instance, the designer may want to limit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Sobhan Miryoosefi , Kianté Brantley , Hal Daumé , Miroslav Dudik , Robert Schapire

Many continuous control problems can be formulated as sparse-reward reinforcement learning (RL) tasks. In principle, online RL methods can automatically explore the state space to solve each new task. However, discovering sequences of…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently emerged as a promising approach for aligning text-to-image generative models with human preferences. A key challenge, however, lies in designing effective and interpretable rewards. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xuelu Feng , Yunsheng Li , Ziyu Wan , Zixuan Gao , Junsong Yuan , Dongdong Chen , Chunming Qiao