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This paper evaluates morphology-based embeddings for English and Russian languages. Despite the interest and introduction of several morphology-based word embedding models in the past and acclaimed performance improvements on word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Vitaly Romanov , Albina Khusainova

The connected allograph representing calligraphic Arabic word does not appear individually in any calligraphic resource but in association with other letters all adapted to each other. The graphic segmentation of the word by respecting…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Mohamed Hssini , Azzeddine Lazrek

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant progress on various multilingual benchmarks and are increasingly used to generate and evaluate text in non-English languages. However, while they may produce fluent outputs, it remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Mohammed J. Saeed , Tommi Vehvilainen , Evgeny Fedoseev , Sevil Caliskan , Tatiana Vodolazova

We present an open source morphological analyzer for Japanese nouns, verbs and adjectives. The system builds upon the morphological analyzing capabilities of MeCab to incorporate finer details of classification such as politeness, tense,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-12-17 Yanchuan Sim

We study Parikh automata on finite and infinite words. First we establish some results for Parikh automata on finite words. Following, we present several definitions of Parikh automata on infinite words. We consider the deterministic as…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mario Grobler , Leif Sabellek , Sebastian Siebertz

We introduce a typology-aware diagnostic for multilingual masked language models that tests reliance on word order versus inflectional form. Using Universal Dependencies, we apply inference-time perturbations: full token scrambling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Anna Feldman , Libby Barak , Jing Peng

Grammatical inference consists in learning a language or a grammar from data. In this paper, we consider a number of models for inferring a non-deterministic finite automaton (NFA) with 3 sorts of states, that must accept some words, and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Tomasz Jastrząb , Frédéric Lardeux , Eric Monfroy

Lemmatization is the process of grouping together the inflected forms of a word so they can be analysed as a single item, identified by the word's lemma, or dictionary form. In computational linguistics, lemmatisation is the algorithmic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Michal Karwatowski , Marcin Pietron

We characterize the infinite words determined by indexed languages. An infinite language $L$ determines an infinite word $\alpha$ if every string in $L$ is a prefix of $\alpha$. If $L$ is regular or context-free, it is known that $\alpha$…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-06-18 Tim Smith

This paper presents a methodology for training a transformer-based model to classify lexical and morphosyntactic features of Skolt Sami, an endangered Uralic language characterized by complex morphology. The goal of our approach is to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Khalid Alnajjar , Mika Hämäläinen , Jack Rueter

We propose the task of unsupervised morphological paradigm completion. Given only raw text and a lemma list, the task consists of generating the morphological paradigms, i.e., all inflected forms, of the lemmas. From a natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Huiming Jin , Liwei Cai , Yihui Peng , Chen Xia , Arya D. McCarthy , Katharina Kann

In Turkish, (and possibly in many other languages) verbs often convey several meanings (some totally unrelated) when they are used with subjects, objects, oblique objects, adverbial adjuncts, with certain lexical, morphological, and…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Kemal Oflazer , Okan Yilmaz

Designing expressive typography that visually conveys a word's meaning while maintaining readability is a complex task, known as semantic typography. It involves selecting an idea, choosing an appropriate font, and balancing creativity with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ahmed Hussein , Alaa Elsetohy , Sama Hadhoud , Tameem Bakr , Yasser Rohaim , Badr AlKhamissi

In Formal Languages and Automata Theory courses, students find understanding nondeterministic finite-state and pushdown automata difficult. In many cases, this means that it is challenging for them to comprehend the operational semantics of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Marco T. Morazán , David Anthony K. Fields , Andrés M. Garced , Tijana Minić

Neural machine translation (NMT) models are typically trained with fixed-size input and output vocabularies, which creates an important bottleneck on their accuracy and generalization capability. As a solution, various studies proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Duygu Ataman , Marcello Federico

We consider the previously defined notion of finite-state independence and we focus specifically on normal words. We characterize finite-state independence of normal words in three different ways, using three different kinds of asynchronous…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Nicolás Álvarez , Verónica Becher , Olivier Carton

We consider several novel aspects of unique factorization in formal languages. We reprove the familiar fact that the set uf(L) of words having unique factorization into elements of L is regular if L is regular, and from this deduce an…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-24 Paul Bell , Daniel Reidenbach , Jeffrey Shallit

We present a simple structure based model of how words are formed from morphemes. The model explains two major empirical facts: the typical distribution of word lengths and the appearance of Zipf like rank frequency curves. In contrast to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Vladimir Berman

Among the wide variety of evolutionary computing models, Finite State Machines (FSMs) have several attractions for fundamental research. They are easy to understand in concept and can be visualised clearly in simple cases. They have a ready…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Gabor Zoltai , Yue Xie , Frank Neumann

State-of-the-art speech recognition systems rely heavily on three basic components: an acoustic model, a pronunciation lexicon and a language model. To build these components, a researcher needs linguistic as well as technical expertise,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Haris Bin Zia , Agha Ali Raza , Awais Athar