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Causal discovery aims to recover information about an unobserved causal graph from the observable data it generates. Layerings are orderings of the variables which place causes before effects. In this paper, we provide ways to recover…

On time-series data, most causal discovery methods fit a new model whenever they encounter samples from a new underlying causal graph. However, these samples often share relevant information which is lost when following this approach.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Sindy Löwe , David Madras , Richard Zemel , Max Welling

Causal discovery, the task of inferring causal structure from data, has the potential to uncover mechanistic insights from biological experiments, especially those involving perturbations. However, causal discovery algorithms over larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Menghua Wu , Yujia Bao , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Causal discovery outputs a causal structure, represented by a graph, from observed data. For time series data, there is a variety of methods, however, it is difficult to evaluate these on real data as realistic use cases very rarely come…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Søren Wengel Mogensen , Karin Rathsman , Per Nilsson

Constraint-based causal discovery algorithms learn part of the causal graph structure by systematically testing conditional independences observed in the data. These algorithms, such as the PC algorithm and its variants, rely on graphical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Murat Kocaoglu

We consider the problem of learning a causal graph in the presence of measurement error. This setting is for example common in genomics, where gene expression is corrupted through the measurement process. We develop a provably consistent…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-04 Basil Saeed , Anastasiya Belyaeva , Yuhao Wang , Caroline Uhler

Causal learning is a beneficial approach to analyze the cause and effect relationships among variables in a dataset. A causal graph can be generated from a dataset using a particular causal algorithm, for instance, the PC algorithm or Fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Teny Handhayani , James Cussens

We study Granger causality in the context of wide-sense stationary time series, where our focus is on the topological aspects of the underlying causality graph. We establish sufficient conditions (in particular, we develop the notion of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-19 R. J. Kinnear , R. R. Mazumdar

In this work, we discover that causal inference provides a promising approach to capture heterophilic message-passing in Graph Neural Network (GNN). By leveraging cause-effect analysis, we can discern heterophilic edges based on asymmetric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Botao Wang , Jia Li , Heng Chang , Keli Zhang , Fugee Tsung

Understanding causal relations between temporal variables is a central challenge in time series analysis, particularly when the full causal structure is unknown. Even when the full causal structure cannot be fully specified, experts often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Timothée Loranchet , Charles K. Assaad

Real-world problems, for example in climate applications, often require causal reasoning on spatially gridded time series data or data with comparable structure. While the underlying system is often believed to behave similarly at different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Martin Rabel , Jakob Runge

Inferring the causal structure that links n observables is usually based upon detecting statistical dependences and choosing simple graphs that make the joint measure Markovian. Here we argue why causal inference is also possible when only…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-24 Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schoelkopf

Causal discovery is a fundamental problem with applications spanning various areas in science and engineering. It is well understood that solely using observational data, one can only orient the causal graph up to its Markov equivalence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

Inferring nonlinear and asymmetric causal relationships between multivariate longitudinal data is a challenging task with wide-ranging application areas including clinical medicine, mathematical biology, economics and environmental…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-25 Tom Edinburgh , Stephen J. Eglen , Ari Ercole

We study the problem of causal effect identification from observational distribution given the causal graph and some context-specific independence (CSI) relations. It was recently shown that this problem is NP-hard, and while a sound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Ehsan Mokhtarian , Fateme Jamshidi , Jalal Etesami , Negar Kiyavash

The present study explores the intricacies of causal relationship extraction, a vital component in the pursuit of causality knowledge. Causality is frequently intertwined with temporal elements, as the progression from cause to effect is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Xiaosong Yuan , Ke Chen , Wanli Zuo , Yijia Zhang

We study the problem of identifiability of the total effect of an intervention from observational time series in the situation, common in practice, where one only has access to abstractions of the true causal graph. We consider here two…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Charles K. Assaad , Emilie Devijver , Eric Gaussier , Gregor Gössler , Anouar Meynaoui

The search for patterns in time series is a very common task when dealing with complex systems. This is usually accomplished by employing a complexity measure such as entropies and fractal dimensions. However, such measures usually only…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-06-13 Haroldo V. Ribeiro , Max Jauregui , Luciano Zunino , Ervin K. Lenzi

'Causal' direction is of great importance when dealing with complex systems. Often big volumes of data in the form of time series are available and it is important to develop methods that can inform about possible causal connections between…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-01-24 Fatimah Abdul Razak , Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen

A fundamental challenge in the empirical sciences involves uncovering causal structure through observation and experimentation. Causal discovery entails linking the conditional independence (CI) invariances in observational data to their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu