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Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) infers a reward function from demonstrations, allowing for policy improvement and generalization. However, despite much recent interest in IRL, little work has been done to understand the minimum set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

We study the problem of generalizing an expert agent's behavior, provided through demonstrations, to new environments and/or additional constraints. Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) offers a promising solution by seeking to recover the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Filippo Lazzati , Alberto Maria Metelli

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) seeks to learn the reward function from expert trajectories, to understand the task for imitation or collaboration thereby removing the need for manual reward engineering. However, IRL in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Yikang Gui , Prashant Doshi

Flow Matching (FM) has shown remarkable ability in modeling complex distributions and achieves strong performance in offline imitation learning for cloning expert behaviors. However, despite its behavioral cloning expressiveness, FM-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zhenglin Wan , Jingxuan Wu , Xingrui Yu , Chubin Zhang , Mingcong Lei , Bo An , Ivor Tsang

Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) learns an optimal policy, given some expert demonstrations, thus avoiding the need for the tedious process of specifying a suitable reward function. However, current methods are constrained by at least…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Pierre Le Pelletier de Woillemont , Rémi Labory , Vincent Corruble

We study the problem of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), where the learning agent recovers a reward function using expert demonstrations. Most of the existing IRL techniques make the often unrealistic assumption that the agent has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Franck Djeumou , Murat Cubuktepe , Craig Lennon , Ufuk Topcu

The goal of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) is to infer a reward function that explains the behavior of an agent performing a task. The assumption that most approaches make is that the demonstrated behavior is near-optimal. In many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Luis Haug , Ivan Ovinnikov , Eugene Bykovets

We consider the problem of learning from demonstrated trajectories with inverse reinforcement learning (IRL). Motivated by a limitation of the classical maximum entropy model in capturing the structure of the network of states, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Tien Mai , Kennard Chan , Patrick Jaillet

Imitation learning (IL) aims to learn a policy from expert demonstrations and has been applied to various applications. By learning from the expert policy, IL methods do not require environmental interactions or reward signals. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Shang-Fu Chen , Co Yong , Shao-Hua Sun

Learning to perform tasks by leveraging a dataset of expert observations, also known as imitation learning from observations (ILO), is an important paradigm for learning skills without access to the expert reward function or the expert…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tanmay Gangwani , Yuan Zhou , Jian Peng

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), which infers reward functions from demonstrations, is a valuable tool for modeling and understanding decision-making behavior. Many variants of IRL have been developed to capture complexities of human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Leo Benac , Abhishek Sharma , Alihan Huyuk , Finale Doshi-Velez

Humans often acquire new skills through observation and imitation. For robotic agents, learning from the plethora of unlabeled video demonstration data available on the Internet necessitates imitating the expert without access to its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yuyang Liu , Weijun Dong , Yingdong Hu , Chuan Wen , Zhao-Heng Yin , Chongjie Zhang , Yang Gao

We consider the problem of recovering an expert's reward function with inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) when there are missing/incomplete state-action pairs or observations in the demonstrated trajectories. This issue of missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Tien Mai , Quoc Phong Nguyen , Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

Imitation Learning from observation describes policy learning in a similar way to human learning. An agent's policy is trained by observing an expert performing a task. While many state-only imitation learning approaches are based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Damian Boborzi , Christoph-Nikolas Straehle , Jens S. Buchner , Lars Mikelsons

The inverse reinforcement learning approach to imitation learning is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it can enable learning from a smaller number of expert demonstrations with more robustness to error compounding than behavioral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Juntao Ren , Gokul Swamy , Zhiwei Steven Wu , J. Andrew Bagnell , Sanjiban Choudhury

Multi-agent learning is a promising method to simulate aggregate competitive behaviour in finance. Learning expert agents' reward functions through their external demonstrations is hence particularly relevant for subsequent design of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Jacobo Roa-Vicens , Cyrine Chtourou , Angelos Filos , Francisco Rullan , Yarin Gal , Ricardo Silva

We present a framework using Relative Entropy Inverse Reinforcement Learning (RE-IRL) to recover investor reward functions from observed investment actions and market conditions. Unlike traditional IRL algorithms, RE-IRL is employed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Chen Xu

This paper proposes model-free imitation learning named Entropy-Regularized Imitation Learning (ERIL) that minimizes the reverse Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. ERIL combines forward and inverse reinforcement learning (RL) under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Eiji Uchibe , Kenji Doya

Acquiring complex behaviors is essential for artificially intelligent agents, yet learning these behaviors in high-dimensional settings poses a significant challenge due to the vast search space. Traditional reinforcement learning (RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Mert Albaba , Sammy Christen , Thomas Langarek , Christoph Gebhardt , Otmar Hilliges , Michael J. Black

State-of-the-art imitation learning from observation methods (ILfO) have recently made significant progress, but they still have some limitations: they need action-based supervised optimisation, assume that states have a single optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Nathan Gavenski , Matteo Leonetti , Odinaldo Rodrigues